Correlations between activated charcoal, Fe‐EDTA and other organic media ingredients in cultured anthers of <i>Anemone canadensis</i>

Johansson, Lennarth; Calleberg, Eva K.; Gedin, Ann

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1990.tb04403.x

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The present study also showed that embryo formation in the anthers of H. nobilis was stimulated on media containing AC which has frequently been used for anther culture in many plant species due to its ability to absorb some inhibiting substances such as polyphenols, ethylene (Horner et al, 1977;Kohlenbach and Wernicke, 1978;Johansson, 1983;Mensuali-Sodi et al, 1993;DolcetSanjuan et al, 1997) and abscisic acid (Johansson et al, 1982(Johansson et al, , 1990. On the other hand, AC also absorbs nutrients, such as thiamine, nicotinic acid (Weatherhead et al, 1979) and Fe-EDTA (Heberle-Bors, 1980), as well as plant growth regulators such as NAA and cytokinin (Weatherhead et al, 1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…To date, there have been no reports on haploid plant production of H. nobilis, although embryogenesis from anther cultures has been reported (Georgiev and Chavdarov, 1974). Furthermore, indications are that embryo formation from anther cultures was improved by supplementing activated charcoal (AC) into medium, using the double-layer culture method in two Ranunculaceae species, Anemone and Clematis (Johansson et al, 1982(Johansson et al, , 1990Johansson, 1983). Our efforts were aimed at producing haploid plants of H. nobilis by anther culture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Haploid plant regeneration via embryogenesis from anther cultures of Hepatica nobilis

Nomizu

Niimi

Han

2004

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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An anther culture technique for the production of haploid plants was developed in Hepatica nobilis. Embryos with bipolar meristem regions were induced from microspores within the cultured anthers. Embryo formation was promoted by first culturing anthers on NN medium (Nitsch and Nitsch, 1969) supplemented with 1% activated charcoal (AC) at 5 or 35°C for a few days and by then incubating them in the dark at 25°C. Pre-culturing anthers at 35°C for 4 days (thermal-shock treatment) led to the best embryo formation (45 embryos/Petri dish with 30 anthers). Plant regeneration was achieved by culturing the antherderived embryos on NN medium without AC at 15°C. Flow cytometric analysis of anther-derived embryos and chromosome counts in regenerated plants showed that they were haploid plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haploid plant regeneration via embryogenesis from anther cultures of Hepatica nobilis

Nomizu

Niimi

Han

2004

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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“…Known primarily for its use in the purification of water (Baudu et al, 1993;Crittenden et al, 1993), hypotheses on the mode of action for AC generally relate to the adsorptive properties of AC in tissue culture medium (Fridborg et al, 1978;Ebert and Taylor, 1990;Johannson et al, 1990;Pullman and Gupta, 1991;Ebert et al, 1993;Van Winkle and Pullman, 2003;Van Winkle et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Modeling available 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in a tissue culture medium containing activated carbon

Toering

Pullman

2005

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Clonal propagation of high-value forest trees by somatic embryogenesis can help meet industry needs for uniform and high quality raw materials. Low embryogenic tissue initiation frequencies for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) pose a limitation in work towards commercialization of this technology. At the time our research began most work on somatic embryo culture initiation in loblolly pine reported success in the range of 1-5%. Activated carbon (AC) has been reported to improve many tissue culture systems including embryogenic tissue initiation in Douglas-fir. To improve initiation frequencies in loblolly pine, the development of an AC-containing system was explored. In order to better understand the availability of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D D ) in initiation medium, we tracked media surface concentrations of free or available 2,4-D D . Media containing 1/2 modified P6 salts, 1.5% maltose, 2% myo-inositol, case amino acids, glutamine, vitamins, and 0.4% Gelrite were modified to include 0.625 -2.5 g l )1 of activated carbon (Sigma C-9157, acid washed) and 110 -440 mg l )1 2,4-D D . Adsorption and availability of 2,4-D D in AC-containing medium was tracked by C 14 labeled 2,4-D D present in surface moisture absorbed into filter paper. High correlations were found between -available 2,4-D D and time when AC and initial 2,4-D D concentrations were held constant, -available 2,4-D D and AC concentration when initial added 2,4-D D and time were held constant, and -available 2,4-D D and initial 2,4-D D when AC and time were held constant. All of these relationships were exponential, not linear. Multiple regression models inputting initial 2,4-D D added to medium in mg l À1 , activated carbon added to medium in %, and time in days, were able to explain 85-88% of the variability in available 2,4-D D . These models can be used to achieve target levels of available 2,4-D D by adjustment of initial 2,4-D D levels or AC content.

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“…The effect of AC on growth regulator uptake is still unclear. Johansson and Eriksson (1977) and Johansson et al (1990) suggested that AC may gradually release certain adsorbed products, such as nutrients and growth regulators, which become available to plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Influence of agar and activated charcoal on uptake of gibberellin and plant morphogenesis In vitro

Mohamed–Yasseen¹

2001

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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Agar and activated charcoal (AC) are commonly used in tissue culture. However, their deeper actions and functions are largely unknown. This experiment investigated the effect of agar and AC, singly and jointly, on gibberellin (GA) uptake by corn shoots. Corn seeds were germinated on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS). Shoots excised from 1-wk-old seedlings were cultured on liquid (0.0 g l 21 agar) or solid (8 g l 21 agar) MS containing 3 mM indole-3-acetic acid, 13.3 mM N 6 -benzyladenine, and 6000 CPM ml 21 [ 3 H]GA 4 as tracer. Both liquid and solid media had two treatments, one without AC and one supplemented with 5 g l 21 AC. Uptake of [ 3 H]GA 4 and morphogenesis of corn shoots were recorded after 2 wk of culture. Corn explants cultured in AC-free media acquired high levels of [ 3 H]GA 4, while explants from AC-containing media showed only traces of [ 3 H]GA 4 . Explants cultured in AC-free liquid medium contained about twice the amount of [ 3 H]GA 4 as those from AC-free solid medium. Addition of agar reduced shoot length, while addition of AC increased both shoot and root length. It is concluded that: (1) agar reduced the uptake of GA 4; and (2) GA 4 was irreversibly adsorbed by AC, and thus became unavailable to corn explants.

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Correlations between activated charcoal, Fe‐EDTA and other organic media ingredients in cultured anthers of Anemone canadensis

Cited by 29 publications

References 15 publications

Haploid plant regeneration via embryogenesis from anther cultures of Hepatica nobilis

Haploid plant regeneration via embryogenesis from anther cultures of Hepatica nobilis

Modeling available 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in a tissue culture medium containing activated carbon

Influence of agar and activated charcoal on uptake of gibberellin and plant morphogenesis In vitro

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