Correlations between Grain Angle Meter Readings and Bending Properties of Mill-Run Southern Pine Lumber

Anderson, Guangmei Cao; Owens, Frank C.; França, Frederico José Nistal; Ross, Robert; Shmulsky, Rubin

doi:10.13073/fpj-d-20-00007

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Additionally, to prevent buckling, lateral restraints were used. The span-to-depth ratio is an important parameter because it can affect structural behavior [30]. The weakest section of each piece was determined by visual inspection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality and Bending Properties of Scots Pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) Sawn Timber

Burawska-Kupniewska

Krzosek

Mankowski

et al. 2020

Forests

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The paper presents the partial research results of a mechanical properties study conducted on Scots pine from the Silesian Forestry Area in Poland. The scope of research included the visual strength grading of the timber according to the PN-D-94021:2013 standard, mechanical testing (according to EN 408:2012) and an attempt to assign visuals to the C strength classes. The EN 1912: 2012 standard assigns the visual sorting classes of individual wood species (according to national sorting standards) to the C strength classes introduced by the EN 338: 2018 standard. At the moment, this standard does not assign Polish visual sorting classes (KW, KS, and KG) to C strength classes. The obtained MOE (modulus of elasticity) and MOR (static bending strength) values were corrected according to the EN 384:2018 standard, and their characteristic values were later calculated. On this basis, we proposed a classification of the grading classes determined on the basis of PN-D-94021 into C classes described in EN 338:2018, which is necessary in the process of the transposition of Polish strength grades (KW, KS, KG, and Reject) and the qualification of them in line with EN 1912:2012. The calculated characteristic values of density, MOR and E0 (the modulus of elasticity parallel to the grain) allowed us to assign Polish visual grades KW, KS, and KG to C35, C30, and C20, respectively. The pine timber under research had high physical and mechanical parameters, which translated into high C classes to which the KW, KS, and KG timber categories were assigned.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality and Bending Properties of Scots Pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) Sawn Timber

Burawska-Kupniewska

Krzosek

Mankowski

et al. 2020

Forests

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“…The Grading Characteristics of Continuous Mechanical Stress Rating Equipment (CMSR) Difference between the feeding orientation and feeding method In general, the bending strength is better when the bark side of the timber is extended. Therefore, when a timber sample has the bark side facing up, the lower grain angle achieves higher lamina strength (Olsson et al 2013;Anderson et al 2020). The CMSR equipment used in this research operates by bending the specimens upwards to obtain the MOE value.…”

Section: Relationship Between the Modulus Of Elasticity (Moestatic) A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the strength characteristics of Cunninghamia lanceolata timber using continuous mechanical stress rating equipment

Lee

Lin

Chung

et al. 2022

BioRes

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Before timber is used for engineering and structural purposes, it is necessary to grade the strength of the timber. In order to obtain the static modulus of elasticity value of timber quickly and accurately, this study used ultrasonic waves and continuous mechanical stress rating equipment and two non-destructive test methods to analyze the correlation between the non-destructive test measured value and the static modulus of elasticity value. It also evaluated the influence of the feeding orientation of the boards, the forward and reverse feed directions, feeding speed, and break area ratio. The analysis results indicated that the modulus of elasticity value determined through continuous mechanical stress rating equipment had the highest correlation with the static modulus of elasticity value. Moreover, according to the results, the feeding orientation of the boards, the forward and reverse feed directions, and the feeding speed did not influence the prediction of the continuous mechanical stress rating equipment modulus of elasticity value. Meanwhile, to ensure the accuracy and uniformity of the continuous mechanical stress rating equipment modulus of elasticity detection value, it is necessary to avoid an excessively high break area ratio in Cunninghamia lanceolata timber during the preparation process.

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A production-oriented review of high-frequency measurement methods for forest products

Hyll

2024

Eur. J. Wood Prod.

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Correlations between Grain Angle Meter Readings and Bending Properties of Mill-Run Southern Pine Lumber

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Quality and Bending Properties of Scots Pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) Sawn Timber

Quality and Bending Properties of Scots Pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) Sawn Timber

Evaluation of the strength characteristics of Cunninghamia lanceolata timber using continuous mechanical stress rating equipment

A production-oriented review of high-frequency measurement methods for forest products

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