Correlations between hormone levels and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in menopausal patients with diabetes mellitus

Zhang, Guiling; Wei, Wei; Tan, Bo; Liu, Jingqin

doi:10.12669/pjms.36.6.2088

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In this study, it was found that cholesterol levels in perimenopause women with type 2 DM did not increase compared to type 2 DM in men. This agrees with Zhang's study exploring sexual dimorphism in adipose tissue accrual and deposition [7]. Explaining the mechanism by which sex hormones can modulate the modes of fat accumulation and storage due to obesity and metabolic syndrome, and the rapid increase in the predisposition to these diseases after menopause.…”

Section: Lilliefors Significance Correctionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Explaining the mechanism by which sex hormones can modulate the modes of fat accumulation and storage due to obesity and metabolic syndrome, and the rapid increase in the predisposition to these diseases after menopause. The results of research on the relationship between estrogen levels and the incidence of cardiovascular disease autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in menopause women with type-2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2), obtained the results of multifactor logistic regression analysis showing HbA1c (OR=3980.95% CI=1268~ 10319) and estradiol (OR=3.075, 95%CI=1.167~7.366) is an independent risk factor for CAN, so CAN morbidity will increase in menopause female patients with type 2 DM [7].…”

Section: Lilliefors Significance Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Gender on Cholesterol Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Anggraini,

Firdaus,

Dyah Wulandari

et al. 2024

BIO Web Conf.

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In women aged 17-50 years, a decrease in Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels will increase the hormone estrogen which requires cholesterol, so that cholesterol becomes low through inhibition of liver cholesterol biosynthesis. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in cholesterol levels between women and men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The study design was a cross-sectional analytic observational and purposive sampling technique with inclusion criteria of HbA1c > 6.5%. As a result, the average age of the male respondents was 44 years (SD±18.4), HbA1c 8.5% (SD±2.4), and cholesterol 212 mg/dL (SD±40), the average age of females was 58 years old (SD ± 7.7, HbA1c 10.6% (SD ± 3.4), and cholesterol 181 mg/dL (SD ± 37.6). The results of the Mann- Whitney test with p = 0.038 (p <0.05) mean that there is a significant difference in cholesterol levels between men and women, which means there are differences in how the brain works between men and premenopausal women who suffer from type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Suggestions for future researchers, it is necessary to conduct research on High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in premenopausal women regarding the role of estrogen and FSH in regulating cholesterol.

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Section: Lilliefors Significance Correctionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Lilliefors Significance Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Gender on Cholesterol Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Anggraini,

Firdaus,

Dyah Wulandari

et al. 2024

BIO Web Conf.

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“…Most recent study from China, also depicted quite high frequency of DCAN, that is 80 out of 386 (20.72%) had DCAN in menopausal T2DM patients. 14 Age” is one of the confounding factors 15 , but in our study all subjects were age matched so age is not a confounding factor in our study. We found that mean age of Definite CAN cases was 48.67±5.6 and Severe CAN was 50.9±9.39 years, our results are supported by another related study conducted at Faisalabad, Pakistan which showed that mean age of CAN positive diabetics was 52.99±7.00 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Noninvasive exploration of Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy by heart rate and blood pressure variability analysis in Type 2 Diabetic patients

et al. 2021

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Objectives: To determine the prevalence of asymptomatic cardiac autonomic neuropathy and its association with risk factors among patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Methods: The present case-control study was conducted at Department of Medicine, Civil Hospital, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan during the period September` 2016 to May` 2017. After taking informed consent, subjects from both genders, 72 healthy controls and 72 clinically diagnosed T2DM diabetic patients, age between 30-65 years were selected by non-probability sampling technique. After taking medical history and demographics, Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy (CAN) was identified by using Ewing`s cardiac autonomic reflex tests (CARTs) and association of risk factors was also investigated. Results: Severe CAN was identified in 13.9% of T2DM patients while in none of the healthy controls. HR response to deep breathing test was most sensitive (sensitivity= 90%) among all tests. The most common symptoms were Numbness (75.9%) and constipation (69%), resting heart rate and diabetes duration was significantly associated with DCAN. Conclusions: CAN was highly prevalent in diabetic population that may lead to nephropathy and retinopathy in future. It is highly recommended to use sensitive and simple CARTs in clinics for early detection and early treatment of CAN. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.4.3675 How to cite this:Naz T, Memon NN, Afzal K, Shakir A. Noninvasive exploration of Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy by heart rate and blood pressure variability analysis in Type 2 Diabetic patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.4.3675 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…Elevated glucose levels could trigger microvascular alterations and increased production of inflammatory factors, including CRP, IL-6, and TNF- α [ 131 ]. Serum hs-CRP is linked with diabetic neuropathy occurrence, one of the most prevalent diabetes complications [ 132 – 134 ]. Nevertheless, in male and female patients, symptomatic peripheral diabetic neuropathy and inflammation are related to endothelial dysfunction and elevated CRP serum levels [ 135 ].…”

Section: T2dm and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of C-Reactive Protein in Diabetic Inflammation

Stanimirović

Radovanović

Banjac

et al. 2022

Mediators of Inflammation

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Even though type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a worldwide chronic health issue that affects about 462 million people, specific underlying determinants of insulin resistance (IR) and impaired insulin secretion are still unknown. There is growing evidence that chronic subclinical inflammation is a triggering factor in the origin of T2DM. Increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels have been linked to excess body weight since adipocytes produce tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), which are pivotal factors for CRP stimulation. Furthermore, it is known that hepatocytes produce relatively low rates of CRP in physiological conditions compared to T2DM patients, in which elevated levels of inflammatory markers are reported, including CRP. CRP also participates in endothelial dysfunction, the production of vasodilators, and vascular remodeling, and increased CRP level is closely associated with vascular system pathology and metabolic syndrome. In addition, insulin-based therapies may alter CRP levels in T2DM. Therefore, determining and clarifying the underlying CRP mechanism of T2DM is imperative for novel preventive and diagnostic procedures. Overall, CRP is one of the possible targets for T2DM progression and understanding the connection between insulin and inflammation may be helpful in clinical treatment and prevention approaches.

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Correlations between hormone levels and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in menopausal patients with diabetes mellitus

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of Gender on Cholesterol Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Effect of Gender on Cholesterol Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Noninvasive exploration of Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy by heart rate and blood pressure variability analysis in Type 2 Diabetic patients

Role of C-Reactive Protein in Diabetic Inflammation

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