Correlations between sunspot numbers, interplanetary parameters and geomagnetic trends over solar cycles 21–23

Arora, Kusumita; Chandrasekhar, N.; Nagarajan, N.; Singh, Ankit

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2014.04.001

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…It might seem implausible that total solar irradiance or "solar constant" which varies with sunspot has an effect on climate change but there is good evidence that solar activity/ sunspot influences the heating and cooling of earth's climate [3]. So that the relation between sunspot (solar cycle) and climate should be understood for future climate prediction and to verify that the solar cycle influences the terrestrial climate [4]. Further research on the topic "solar activity" is necessary for a better understanding of the nature of sunspot number, the most predicted solar activity index [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Sunspot Numbers and Geomagnetic Indices with Various Climate Change Parameters

Adhikari,

Mishra,

Parajuli

et al. 2023

J. Nep. Phys. Soc.

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In this paper, a comparative study of climate change parameters with the sunspots number, solar flux, and various geomagnetic indices are presented using statistical methods, cross-correlation analysis and Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT). From the analysis of 31 years (almost 3 solar cycles) datasets, we observed a positive correlation of sunspot numbers with geomagnetic indices such as AE, Kp, Ap, Dst, and pc. This analysis indicates that variation in sunspot numbers can have a strong influence on the geomagnetic configuration. We also a found perfect positive correlation between CO2 -CH4 and CO2 – TSI, shown with a correlation coefficient of approximately 1 at 0-time lag. The sunspot number shows a high positive correlation with solar flux with a correlation coefficient of 0.95 at 0-time lag indicating that the earth is receiving energy from the sun, which is small but not a negligible fraction of expected global warming. The wavelet analysis carried out on sunspot number (R), Methane emission (CH4), Carbon dioxide emission (CO2), Land-Ocean Temperature (LOT), Solar Flux (F10), and, Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) support the evidence of ~11 years of periodicities. Both analyses suggested that the recent climate change is mostly affected by anthropogenic forcing (long-lived greenhouse gases) followed by natural forcing (sunspot number) which cannot be neglected. Thus, the correlation and wavelet analysis suggest that the sun also has a significant role in climate change, and, understanding the role of solar variability is essential to the interpretation of past and prediction of future climate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%