Correspondence: Obtrusive light, light pollution and sky glow: Areas for research, development and standardisation

Jägerbrand, Annika K.; Gasparovsky, Dionyz; Bouroussis, Costis; Schlangen, Luc J.M.; Lau, Steve; Donners, Maurice

doi:10.1177/14771535211040973

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Outdoor lighting has made public spaces accessible and populated during dark hours and has large benefits for the individual and for the society [2]. The extensive use of outdoor lighting [3], also has multiple negative impacts, including astronomical and ecological light pollution and impacts on humans, in terms of health and obtrusive light [4]. Societies located in high latitudes, that are characterized by strong variation in daylength during different seasons of the year, such as Sweden, are especially depending on outdoor lighting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial planning for dark hours in Sweden – conditions and proposal for action

Frænkel,

Tastare,

Billger

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate how the absence of daylight are handled within spatial planning in Sweden, and to propose measures for action. The study includes a review of spatial planning documents, interviews with planning officers, and an overview of how outdoor lighting is included within the Swedish Planning and Building Act (PBL). The result shows that planning documents according to the PBL generally present few specific analyses and proposals linking to the design and the use of outdoor environments during dark hours, such as lighting. Instead, outdoor lighting is often managed within lighting masterplans, that lack a common methodology and a formal planning status. Possible consequences include that spatial planning provides limited support for how different public interests should be weighed against each other in a nocturnal context, and that citizens have little formal influence over strategic decisions on outdoor lighting. As a proposal, we suggest developing spatial planning for dark hours (‘nattstadsplanering’ in Swedish), that integrates the use, the design, and the outdoor lighting within the same planning process, using the PBL as a framework. The proposal includes clarification of lighting regulations, methodology development, and knowledge dissemination, which requires further research and investigations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial planning for dark hours in Sweden – conditions and proposal for action

Frænkel,

Tastare,

Billger

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…The use of light at night generates high emissions of CO 2 worldwide and is a significant contributor to global climate change due to high energy usage. Apart from causing unwanted energy use and climate change impacts, road lighting also has other negative trade-offs, such as light pollution, ecological impacts, glare, and obtrusive light [25][26][27][28][29]. It is therefore highly prioritized to gain more knowledge that can result in reduced energy use and unwanted trade-offs as much as possible for all kinds of road lighting while fulfilling the intended functions for the users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulations and Analysis of the Optimum Uniformity for Pedestrian Road Lighting Focusing on Energy Performance and Spill Light in the Roadside Environment

Bouroussis

Jägerbrand

2022

Energies

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Road lighting uniformity is an essential lighting quality parameter for motorists and pedestrians and varies with lighting design parameters. Increased road lighting uniformity may result in benefits, such as increased reassurance and perceived safety for pedestrians or an increased overall visual perception. However, no previous study has investigated how road lighting uniformity varies with lighting design scenarios or how the uniformity of various lighting design scenarios affects other essential parameters, such as energy performance and obtrusive light. This study aimed to investigate: (I) how uniformity varies with different road lighting design scenarios, and (II) how uniformity correlates with energy performance and risk for increasing spill light. The study is limited to pedestrian roads. We performed photometric calculations in ReluxDesktop for more than 1.5 million cases with single-sided pole arrangements and for various geometries of road width, pole distance, pole height, overhang, and luminaire tilt. The results were analyzed with a set of five relevant metrics that were calculated and analyzed together with uniformity. For the evaluation, we used the minimum luminaire power needed to achieve an average illuminance of 10 lx, the power density indicator (DP), edge illuminance ratio (REI), and we introduced two new indicators for spill light on the ground in the border areas: the extended edge illuminance ratio (extended REI) and the spill flux ratio (RSF). The results show that increased uniformity levels may significantly increase energy consumption and spill light, but that both these impacts can be relatively controlled if uniformity is kept under certain limits. The investigated cases also demonstrated that improper lighting planning significantly increases adverse effects, such as spill light.

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