Corrigendum

Brandes, Edward A.; Zhang, Guifu; Vivekanandan, J.

doi:10.1175/1520-0450(2005)44<186:c>2.0.co;2

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The data from the event of 27 January 2007 are similar and not shown. The T-matrix approach (Barber and Yeh, 1975) and non-spherical rain drop shape (Brandes et al, 2005) were used for calculating C-POL and MMCR radar reflectivities from experimental DSDs. Frequency dependences of non-Rayleigh scattering effects and refractive indices of water can result in discrepancies between C-and K a -band rainfall reflectivities.…”

Section: Observational Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergetic use of millimeter- and centimeter-wavelength radars for retrievals of cloud and rainfall parameters

Matrosov

2010

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract.A remote sensing approach for simultaneous retrievals of cloud and rainfall parameters in the vertical column above the US Department of Energy's (DOE) Climate Research Facility at the Tropical Western Pacific (TWP) Darwin site in Australia is described. This approach uses vertically pointing measurements from a DOE K a -band radar and scanning measurements from a nearby C-band radar pointing toward the TWP Darwin site. Rainfall retrieval constraints are provided by data from a surface impact disdrometer. The approach is applicable to stratiform precipitating cloud systems when a separation between the liquid hydrometeor layer, which contains rainfall and liquid water clouds, and the ice hydrometeor layer is provided by the radar bright band. Absolute C-band reflectivities and K a -band vertical reflectivity gradients in the liquid layer are used for retrievals of the mean layer rain rate and cloud liquid water path (CLWP). C-band radar reflectivities are also used to estimate ice water path (IWP) in regions above the melting layer. The retrieval uncertainties of CLWP and IWP for typical stratiform precipitation systems are about 500-800 g m −2 (for CLWP) and a factor of 2 (for IWP). The CLWP retrieval uncertainties increase with rain rate, so retrievals for higher rain rates may be impractical. The expected uncertainties of layer mean rain rate retrievals are around 20%, which, in part, is due to constraints available from the disdrometer data. The applicability of the suggested approach is illustrated for two characteristic events observed at the TWP Darwin site during the wet season of 2007. A future deployment of W-band radars at the DOE tropical Climate Research Facilities can improve CLWP estimation accuracies and provide retrievals for a wider range of stratiform precipitating cloud events.

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Section: Observational Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergetic use of millimeter- and centimeter-wavelength radars for retrievals of cloud and rainfall parameters

Matrosov

2010

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…Recently, the constrained-gamma DSD model was applied to a cloud model initialized by radar observations, and shown to improve short-term prediction of convective storms (Zhang, G. et al 2006). Since the polarimetric measurements contain the information of total drop-concentration (Brandes et al 2004), the measurement can potentially be used to initialize a two-moment parametrization scheme in which not only the rain-water content, but also the total drop-concentration is a prognostic variable. (e) Low-level moisture and land-surface data assimilation Several studies have indicated the importance of obtaining measurements of lowlevel moisture variability in convection initiation (Weckwerth et al 1996;Koch et al 1997;Parsons et al 2000).…”

Section: Future Challenges (A) Further Development and Evaluation Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Convective‐scale assimilation of radar data: progress and challenges

Sun

2005

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

137

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SUMMARYActive research has been carried out in recent years to assimilate high-resolution observations into numerical models to improve precipitation forecasting. Considerable progress has been made although great scientific and technological challenges still exist. This paper reviews techniques used in convective-scale data assimilation research. Experiences in the assimilation of radar observations into high-resolution numerical models are presented. A number of future challenges in convective-scale data assimilation are discussed.

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“…Because in the rainwater prognostic variables, raindrops are assumed to be spherical in both WRF and JMANHM, we 5 introduce the axis ratio of a raindrop, which is proportional to D (Brandes et al, 2002(Brandes et al, , 2005, as follows: …”

Section: Model Variables To Polarimetric Parameters (Fit)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Observational operators for dual polarimetric radars in variational data assimilation systems

Kawabata

Schwitalla

Adachi

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. We developed two observational operators for dual polarimetric radars and implemented them in two variational data assimilation systems: WRF Var, the Weather Research and Forecasting Model variational data assimilation system, and 10 NHM-4DVAR, the nonhydrostatic variational data assimilation system for the Japan Meteorological Agency nonhydrostatic model. The operators consist of a space interpolator, two types of variable converters as well as their linearized and transposed (adjoint) operators. The space interpolator takes account of the effects of radar-beam broadening in both vertical and horizontal directions and climatological beam bending. The first variable converter emulates polarimetric parameters with model prognostic variables and includes attenuation effects, and the second one derives rainwater content from the observed 15 polarimetric parameter (specific differential phase). We developed linearized and adjoint operators for the space interpolator and variable converters and then assessed whether the linearity of the linearized operators and the accuracy of the adjoint operators were good enough for implementation in variational systems. The results of a simple assimilation experiment showed good agreement between assimilation results and observations with respect to reflectivity and specific differential phase but not with respect to differential reflectivity. 20

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Corrigendum

Cited by 29 publications

References 5 publications

Synergetic use of millimeter- and centimeter-wavelength radars for retrievals of cloud and rainfall parameters

Synergetic use of millimeter- and centimeter-wavelength radars for retrievals of cloud and rainfall parameters

Convective‐scale assimilation of radar data: progress and challenges

Observational operators for dual polarimetric radars in variational data assimilation systems

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