Corrimento vaginal referido entre gestantes em localidade urbana no Sul do Brasil: prevalência e fatores associados

Fonseca, Tania Maria Morais Vieira da; César, Juraci Almeida; Hackenhaar, Arnildo Agostinho; Ulmi, Eduardo F.; Neumann, Nelson Arns

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2008000300009

Cited by 15 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The most frequent complaint of the women studied was vaginal discharge, reported by 66.1% of them, which is higher than the 51.6% reported by a study carried out with pregnant women from a peripheral area of an urban area in the south of Brazil (22) . It is known that 20% or more women present mucoid and milky content during the gestational period, which wets the underwear without, however, constituting a pathological flow (23) .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Abnormal Vaginal Flora in Low-Risk Pregnant Women Cared for by a Public Health Service: prevalence and Association with Symptoms and Findings from Gynecological Exams

Gondo

Duarte

Silva

et al. 2010

Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem

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This study identifies the prevalence of vaginal flora alterations in low-risk pregnant women and their association with reported symptoms and gynecological exams. This quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in public primary care service units Considering undesirable maternal and perinatal outcomes and feasible laboratory practices, the establishment of a routine for diagnosing vaginal flora alterations in low-risk pregnant women is suggested. Los datos apuntan elevada prevalencia de las alteraciones de flora vaginal, con poca asociación a la sintomatología, pero con asociación a hallazgos del examen ginecológico.Considerándose las repercusiones maternas y perinatales indeseables y la práctica de laboratorio ejecutable, se sugiere el establecimiento de rutina para diagnóstico de las alteraciones de flora vaginal en gestantes de bajo riesgo.Descriptores: Vaginosis Bacteriana; Candidíasis Vulvovaginal; Embarazo; Prevalencia. IntroductionBacterial vaginosis (BV) is a relevant issue during pregnancy because it is associated with a higher risk of late miscarriage, infection of the amniotic cavity, premature rupture of membranes, preterm labor, prematurity, and infant low birth weight (1) . The mechanism through which these obstetrical complications occur is not yet totally The metabolism resulting from the proliferation of these bacteria promote increased production of aromatic amines, the putrescine and cadaverine, which evaporate and induce a bad genital odor (6) . Another frequent symptom is a grayish and fluid vaginal discharge with small bubbles (7) .The Lactobacillus SP is a gram-positive bacillus that produces components such as lactic acid, bacteriocins and hydrogen, and which has properties that protect the vaginal flora. These components determine an acidic vaginal pH, lower than 4.5, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. The vaginal flora is also composed of other commensal microorganisms, which in certain situations can become pathogenic (8) .We must take into account that under normal Its most common symptoms are itching, urinary discomfort, perineal irritation, and whitish discharge in plates, while between 25% and 40% of women are asymptomatic (10) . Although it is highly prevalent, it is not related to relevant perinatal complications (11) .Vaginal trichomoniasis is an important sexually Based on a prevalence of altered vaginal flora of 20% with confidence interval of 95% and a margin of error of 5%, the sample minimum size was determined by: Patients included in the study were submitted to speculum examination using a bi-valve vaginal Collins speculum, sterilized and without any lubricating.After this procedure, the macroscopic characteristics of the vaginal content were noted, followed by a pH measurement with Merk  tape graduated between four and seven, pressed against the middle third of the lateral vaginal wall for one minute, then proceeding to the reading according to the manufacturer's instructions.Then, the material of the lateral vaginal wall was collected ...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Abnormal Vaginal Flora in Low-Risk Pregnant Women Cared for by a Public Health Service: prevalence and Association with Symptoms and Findings from Gynecological Exams

Gondo

Duarte

Silva

et al. 2010

Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem

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“…Estudo recente entre gestantes pertencentes à coorte de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, de 2004, revelou prevalência de 47%; outro estudo conduzido com gestantes de baixa renda na periferia da cidade de Rio Grande, em 2005, tendo utilizado o mesmo critério diagnóstico referido neste artigo -presença de corrimento acompanhado de pelo menos prurido, disúria, dispareunia ou odor fétido e coloração que não branca, encontrou prevalência de 52% 8 . Estas prevalências foram maiores que os 40,3% aqui encontrados.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Isto fez com que corrimentos de origem fisiológica fossem, possivelmente, classificados como sendo patológicos. No estudo de Rio Grande foram incluídas somente mulheres de baixo poder aquisitivo (renda familiar mensal inferior a dois salários mínimos mensais) residentes na periferia da cidade, grupo este que sabidamente apresenta maior prevalência deste tipo de patologia 4,5,6,8,10 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Outros estudos, também controlando para diversos fatores de confusão, mostram associação neste mesmo sentido, o que evidencia a importância destes fatores na determinação desta doença 4,5,7,8,9,10,11 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Diversos fatores de risco já foram identificados, dentre eles idade inferior a 20 anos, cor da pele preta, baixo poder aquisitivo, união conjugal não estável, múltiplos parceiros sexuais, manter relação sexual sem uso de preservativos 5,6,7,8 uso de dispositivo intra-uterino, ocorrência de hiperglicemia e/ou infecção urinária na gestação atual, parto prematuro prévio 4,7,8 , tabagismo e desordens psicológicas como estresse, depressão e ansiedade 9,10 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Prevalência e fatores associados à percepção de ocorrência de corrimento vaginal patológico entre gestantes

et al. 2009

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Este estudo teve por objetivo medir a prevalência e identificar fatores associados à percepção de corrimento vaginal patológico por gestantes residentes em Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Aplicou-se questionário padronizado a todas as parturientes nas maternidades do município em 2007. Utilizou-se teste do qui-quadrado para comparar proporções e análise multivariável por regressão de Poisson. A prevalência de corrimento vaginal foi de 40%. Análise ajustada mostrou as seguintes razões de prevalência: 1,6 (1,4-1,8) para adolescentes; 1,3 (1,1-1,6) para aquelas com até oito anos de escolaridade; 1,3 (1,1-1,5) para aquelas que ingeriram álcool; 2,0 (1,8-2,2) para aquelas que referiram corrimento vaginal em gestação anterior; 1,4 (1,3-1,6) para infecção urinária na gestação atual; prematuridade em gestação anterior mostrou-se protetor com RP = 0,8 (0,7-0,9). Os serviços de saúde deveriam priorizar diagnóstico e tratamento de corrimento vaginal entre gestantes adolescentes, de baixa renda familiar e escolaridade, com história prévia de corrimento em gravidez anterior e infecção urinária na gravidez atual.

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Pathological Vaginal Discharge among Pregnant Women: Pattern of Occurrence and Association in a Population-Based Survey

Fonseca

César

Mendoza-Sassi

et al. 2013

Obstetrics and Gynecology International

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This study aimed to assess the prevalence of pathological vaginal discharge and to describe risk factors associated with pregnant women. All women living in the city of Rio Grande, Southern Brazil, who gave birth in 2010 were included in the study. A standardized questionnaire was administered to collect information on demographic, reproductive, and health-related factors and morbidity during pregnancy. The chi-square test was used to compare proportions, and multivariate Poisson regression with robust variance was performed. Of the 2,395 women studied, 43% had pathological vaginal discharge during pregnancy. The adjusted analysis showed that younger women of lower socioeconomic condition, those with a past history of abortion, vaginal discharge in a previous pregnancy, and treated for depression, anemia, and urinary tract infection during their current pregnancy, were more likely to have pathological vaginal discharge. Vaginal discharge during pregnancy was highly prevalent in the sample studied calling for proper risk factor management at the primary care level.

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Corrimento vaginal referido entre gestantes em localidade urbana no Sul do Brasil: prevalência e fatores associados

Abstract: Corrimento vaginal referido entre gestantes em localidade urbana no Sul do Brasil: prevalência e fatores associados Self-reported vaginal discharge among pregnant women in an urban area in Southern Brazil: prevalence and associated factors

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Abnormal Vaginal Flora in Low-Risk Pregnant Women Cared for by a Public Health Service: prevalence and Association with Symptoms and Findings from Gynecological Exams

Abnormal Vaginal Flora in Low-Risk Pregnant Women Cared for by a Public Health Service: prevalence and Association with Symptoms and Findings from Gynecological Exams

Prevalência e fatores associados à percepção de ocorrência de corrimento vaginal patológico entre gestantes

Pathological Vaginal Discharge among Pregnant Women: Pattern of Occurrence and Association in a Population-Based Survey

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