Corrosion characteristics of aluminum alloy in bio-ethanol blended gasoline fuel: Part 1. The corrosion properties of aluminum alloy in high temperature fuels

Yoo, Yun-Ha; Park, I.J.; Kim, Jae Gyoon; Kwak, Dong-Ho; Ji, Wang

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2010.10.058

Cited by 50 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The alcohol itself is a corrosive medium, additionally, it is able to dissolve in and be mixed with water at any ratio. Studies on the effect of bioethanol on corrosion for an aluminum alloy (A348) were described in [12]. Presumably, a protective film of hydrated aluminum oxide was formed on the aluminum alloy surface during the tests at temperatures below and including 80 o C. Only after increasing the temperature to 100 o C was the reaction triggered between aluminum and bioethanol (reaction 8).…”

Section: Corrosive Effect Of Bioethanol On Aluminummentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosiveness of Fuels During Storage Processes

Ziółkowska¹,

Wardzińska²

2015

Storage Stability of Fuels

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Section: Corrosive Effect Of Bioethanol On Aluminummentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosiveness of Fuels During Storage Processes

Ziółkowska¹,

Wardzińska²

2015

Storage Stability of Fuels

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“…[5][6][7] Depending on environmental conditions such as temperature, water concentration, exposure time, etc., one reaction may dominate over another, i.e., these reactions do not necessarily occur sequentially. The wet and dry families of reaction pathways are:…”

Section: Corrosion Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yoo et al, has suggested that the presence of anhydrous ethanol may also serve to dehydrate the passive film, leading to further cracking. [5] The corrosion reaction initiates at these discrete microcrack locations, gradually enlarging as metallic aluminum dissolves and hydrogen is generated. As the areas subject to corrosion increase, the reaction quickly accelerates leading to rapid general corrosion over the entire surface of the metal.…”

Section: Dry Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, ethanol is orders of magnitude more electrically conductive than gasoline [3], so even modest additions of ethanol can contribute to corrosion possibilities in ethanol fuel blends, such as galvanic attack, that are not observed in ethanol-free gasoline. There are mixed reports suggesting variable degrees of corrosion susceptibility of aluminum in ethanol [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Inconsistencies exist possibly as a result of variations (intended or not) in critical exposure variables (principally water content) and/or incomplete interpretation of the results.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Engine Materials Compatibility with Alternate Fuels

Thomson¹,

Pawel²,

Wilson³

2013

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The compatibility of aluminum and aluminum alloys with synthetic fuel blends comprised of ethanol and reference fuel C (a 50/50 mix of toluene and iso-octane) was examined as a function of water content and temperature. Commercially pure wrought aluminum and several cast aluminum alloys were observed to be similarly susceptible to substantial corrosion in dry (< 50 ppm water) ethanol. Corrosion rates of all the aluminum materials examined were accelerated by increased temperature and ethanol content in the fuel mixture, but inhibited by increased water content. Pretreatments designed to stabilize passive films on aluminum increased the incubation time for onset of corrosion, suggesting film stability is a significant factor in the mechanism of corrosion. STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES• Conduct a systematic assessment of aluminum corrosion in ethanol fuel • Develop a mechanistic understanding of aluminum corrosion associated with increased ethanol content • Identify cause(s) of potential galvanic corrosion associated with aluminum engine components • Consistent with the corrosion mechanism, identify potential mitigation techniques • Develop rapid test protocols to enable anticipation of potential problems in design stage BENEFITS TO THE FUNDING DOE OFFICE'S MISSIONThe ever increasing rate of fossil fuel consumption coupled with the desire for energy independence has influenced the United States to enact legislation to integrate renewable biofuels such as ethanol into the nation's fuel supply [1]. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Vehicle Technologies aims to facilitate this transition by removing technical hurdles and reducing cost barriers for emerging vehicle technologies. In alignment with this goal, the purpose of this investigation was to systematically examine the potential impact of changing fuel compositions on fuel compatibility with materials of interest for lightweight engine materials. The focus of the effort has been on aluminum and its alloys, primarily because of its low density and extensive use in automotive engines as a piston and head material for fuelefficient vehicles.The addition of ethanol to gasoline is expected to be a source of concern for increased corrosion in two primary ways. Firstly, compared to gasoline, ethanol has significant affinity for water. Thus, additions of ethanol to transportation fuel invite the possibility of aqueous corrosion of all materials in contact with the fuel, including vehicle fuel systems and engines as well as the infrastructure for distributing and dispensing the fuel. Due to the hygroscopic nature of ethanol, absorbed water can separate from the 2 organic fuel phase leading to a number of potential issues with fuel and containment corrosion [2]. Secondly, ethanol is orders of magnitude more electrically conductive than gasoline [3], so even modest additions of ethanol can contribute to corrosion possibilities in ethanol fuel blends, such as galvanic attack, that are not observed in ethanol-free gasoline. There are mixed reports suggesting var...

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“…Desde la implementación del etanol como combustible, se han realizado un gran cantidad de estudios sobre la corrosión de aleaciones de aluminio expuestas a medios compuestos de bioetanol (ya sea etanol puro o como mezcla con otros combustibles fósiles) [7,8], los que han demostrado la complejidad de este fenó-meno, principalmente en la realización de ensayos electroquímicos debido a la baja conductividad de estos medios [9][10][11][12], lo cual da lugar a errores debido a la caída de potencial no compensado [12].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efectos del uso de electrolitos soportes en ensayos electroquímicos de la aleación Al-4%Mg expuesta a bioetanol combustible

et al. 2018

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Efectos del uso de electrolitos soportes en ensayos electroquímicos de la aleación Al-4%Mg expuesta a bioetanol combustibleEffects of the use of support electrolytes in electrochemical tests of Al-4wt.% Mg alloy exposed to bioethanol fuel RESUMENEl crecimiento de la demanda de energía a nivel mundial incide directamente en el consumo de los combustibles a base de petróleo, incrementando el impacto negativo por el uso de los mismos y la disminución de las reservas de crudo. Así nace una oportunidad para el uso de combustibles de mayor eficiencia, de bajo impacto ambiental y, por sobre todo, de naturaleza renovable. El bioetanol es un biocombustible que cumple con dichas características, pero posee cierta agresividad desde el plano electroquímico sobre los sistemas metáli-cos de uso convencionales, requiriéndose una buena selección de materiales para su uso y manejo. En la evaluación de las propiedades frente a la corrosión de los materiales metálicos expuestos a bioetanol, se debe tener en cuenta la baja conductividad propia de estos compuestos orgánicos para evitar dificultades sobre el desarrollo de los ensayos y la mala interpretación de resultados. Existen en la actualidad métodos para compensar la caída óhmica producida por el medio electrolítico orgánico, siendo uno de los más usados el de adición de sales solubles en concentraciones definidas. En este trabajo se evalúan los efectos secundarios de la adición de diferentes concentraciones de CH 3 COOK y LiClO 4 como electrolito soporte al bioetanol, cuando se realizan medidas electroquímicas de Polarización Potenciodinámica y Espectroscopía de Impedancia Electroquímica (EIS) exponiendo una aleación de aluminio y magnesio a dicha solución.Palabras clave: aleación aluminio-magnesio, corrosión, electrolito soporte, etanol. ABSTRACTThe growth of world energy demand directly affects the consumption of petroleum-based fuels, increasing the negative impact of the use of these fuels and the decrease of crude oil reserves. This creates an opportunity for the use of fuels that are more efficient, of low environmental impact and, above all, of a renewable nature. Bioethanol is a biofuel that complies with these characteristics, but it has some aggressiveness from the electrochemical plane over conventional metallic systems, requiring a good selection of materials for its use and handling. In the evaluation of the corrosion properties of metal materials exposed to bioethanol, the low conductivity of these organic compounds must be taken into account to avoid difficulties in the development of the tests and the misinterpretation of results. There are currently methods to compensate for the ohmic fall produced by the organic electrolytic medium, one of the most used being the addition of soluble salts in defined concentrations. This work evaluates the effects of the addition of different concentrations of CH 3 COOK and LiClO 4 as support electrolyte to bioethanol, when electrochemical measurements of Potenciodynamic Polarization and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy...

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Corrosion characteristics of aluminum alloy in bio-ethanol blended gasoline fuel: Part 1. The corrosion properties of aluminum alloy in high temperature fuels

Cited by 50 publications

References 13 publications

Corrosiveness of Fuels During Storage Processes

Corrosiveness of Fuels During Storage Processes

Engine Materials Compatibility with Alternate Fuels

Efectos del uso de electrolitos soportes en ensayos electroquímicos de la aleación Al-4%Mg expuesta a bioetanol combustible

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