Corrosion of Nickel-Containing Alloys in Molten LiCl-KCl Medium

Shankar, A. Ravi; Kanagasundar, A.; Mudali, U. Kamachi

doi:10.5006/0627

Cited by 43 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…So it is reasonable that the lower stability of SS-304 at elevated temperatures is due to the high iron content in SS-304 compared to that in the Hastelloys. This observation is in consistence with the commonly accepted contention that the nickel alloys are less corroded than iron alloys in chloride media [29]. The Hastelloy C-276 was most stable among the three alloys evaluated showing lowest CR at 500°C.…”

Section: Immersion Methodssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Corrosion behavior of some nickel containing alloys in molten LiCl-KCl salt mixture was investigated in a recent work [18] and the results showed better corrosion resistance for Inconel 600 and Inconel 690 alloys than that of Inconel 625 and alloy 800H at high temperatures. Abramov et al [19] have done a spectroelectrochemical study of stainless steel corrosion in NaCl-KCl melt and found out that the major corrosion products of steel are iron, manganese and chromium species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Vapor pressure and corrosivity of ternary metal-chloride molten-salt based heat transfer fluids for use in concentrating solar power systems

et al. 2015

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h i g h l i g h t sApplicability of NaCl-KCl-ZnCl 2 salts for CSP applications is evaluated. Corrosion rates are estimated by electrochemical and immersion methods. Hastelloys show corrosion rates of <10 lm/year at 800°C under anaerobic conditions. g r a p h i c a l a b s t r a c t a b s t r a c t Higher operating temperatures increase efficiency of the concentrating solar power plants but promote faster corrosion of the pipes and vessels made of Hastelloy or stainless steel materials for the moltensalt mixtures. Hastelloys C-276 and C-22 and stainless steel 304 coupons evaluated in the present study in a eutectic molten salt consisting of 13.4 mol% NaCl, 33.7 mol% KCl and 52.9 mol% ZnCl 2 showed substantially lower corrosion rates in the absence versus presence of air from 200 to 800°C as determined by electrochemical and gravimetric methods. In the presence of air, the corrosion rate for the Hastelloy C-276 in the molten salt was found to diminish with immersion time and converges around $50 lm per year after 4 weeks of immersion at 500°C, which is close to the value $40 lm per year obtained using the electrochemical method at 500°C. For anaerobic corrosion rate estimation, the corrosivity of an alloy sample was examined by immersing in molten salt inside a sealed quartz container without any contact with air, which is possible because the vapor pressure of the eutectic molten salt is only about 0.7 atm at 800°C. The corrosion rate of the Hastelloy C-276 was only 10 lm per year in the molten salt in the absence of air at 800°C, which is extremely low compared to 500 lm per year in conducting corrosion studies in the presence of air at 800°C. The Hastelloy coupons after immersion testing in the absence of air have then been examined also by SEM, and the images did not show any http://dx.

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Section: Immersion Methodssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Vapor pressure and corrosivity of ternary metal-chloride molten-salt based heat transfer fluids for use in concentrating solar power systems

et al. 2015

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“…Moreover, the formed oxide layers on the structural metals are porous and non-passivating, which is a favorable environment for oxidation. [28], [29], [30] Thus, using the same structural metal, the chloridebased salts may lead to more severe corrosion than fluoride-based ones.…”

Section: Fluoride-based Saltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preconceptual Design of Irradiated Fuel Salt Management System

Joo

2022

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The National Reactor Innovation Center was established by the U.S. Department of Energy to accelerate the demonstration and deployment of advanced nuclear reactors. To meet this mission, the National Reactor Innovation Center has developed the Laboratory for Operations and Testing in the U.S. (LOTUS) to support the first fast-spectrum molten salt reactor demonstration. The goal of this research is to understand the system requirements that may be applied to a molten salt reactor experiment in the LOTUS test bed and to perform systems analyses and preconceptual development of a storage container for the management of the irradiated molten salt fuel. This study proposes a set of irradiated fuel salt management processes for the molten salt reactor, from defueling to storage or disposal. For that, the historic Molten Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory has served as a crucial source of data for a mock application.This paper proposes a potential geometry for storing irradiated fuel salt based on MSRE data and the Monte Carlo N-Particle radiation transport code. The geometry was analyzed for criticality safety under abnormal situations, such as water ingress and interaction between containers. Based on the determined configuration of the storage system, the decay heat produced from the irradiated fuel salts was calculated to provide a reasonable time scale of the dormancy period. Using the same geometry assumed above, the neutron and gamma dose rates from the irradiated fuel salt at the end of the dormancy period were estimated, which will be useful for understanding the handling and radiation protection requirements for handling the irradiated fuel salt.Lastly, a reactor in the LOTUS test bed could use chloride-based fuel as opposed to the fluoridebased fuel used in MSRE. Thus, a literature study provided data to understand the similarities and differences between the characteristics of fluoride-and chloride-based salts in terms of salt chemistry, material characteristics, postirradiation behavior, neutronics, thermal hydraulics, and heat removal. This study, together with the proposed irradiated fuel salt management processes, preliminary criticality calculations, decay heat, and dose rate estimates, provides a strong basis for future investigation into the management of irradiated fuel salts generated during molten salt reactor technology demonstrations.

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“…Further experimentations have been oriented toward the development of Ni-based alloy coatings, aiming to exploit their outstanding corrosion resistance with molten salts [76,[101][102][103][104]. Ni 3 Al aluminide coatings were produced by using atmospheric plasma spray starting from separated Ni and Al powders and exposed to a sodium-vanadium salt mixture at 900 • C [85] under cyclic conditions.…”

Section: Corrosion Resistant Coatings In Tes Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Spray Processes in Concentrating Solar Power Technology

Rubino

Poza

Pasquino

et al. 2021

Metals

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Solar power is a sustainable and affordable source of energy, and has gained interest from academies, companies, and government institutions as a potential and efficient alternative for next-generation energy production. To promote the penetration of solar power in the energy market, solar-generated electricity needs to be cost-competitive with fossil fuels and other renewables. Development of new materials for solar absorbers able to collect a higher fraction of solar radiation and work at higher temperatures, together with improved design of thermal energy storage systems and components, have been addressed as strategies for increasing the efficiency of solar power plants, offering dispatchable energy and adapting the electricity production to the curve demand. Manufacturing of concentrating solar power components greatly affects their performance and durability and, thus, the global efficiency of solar power plants. The development of viable, sustainable, and efficient manufacturing procedures and processes became key aspects within the breakthrough strategies of solar power technologies. This paper provides an outlook on the application of thermal spray processes to produce selective solar absorbing coatings in solar tower receivers and high-temperature protective barriers as strategies to mitigate the corrosion of concentrating solar power and thermal energy storage components when exposed to aggressive media during service life.

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Corrosion of Nickel-Containing Alloys in Molten LiCl-KCl Medium

Cited by 43 publications

References 15 publications

Vapor pressure and corrosivity of ternary metal-chloride molten-salt based heat transfer fluids for use in concentrating solar power systems

Vapor pressure and corrosivity of ternary metal-chloride molten-salt based heat transfer fluids for use in concentrating solar power systems

Preconceptual Design of Irradiated Fuel Salt Management System

Thermal Spray Processes in Concentrating Solar Power Technology

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