Corrosion of Titanium Alloys Anodized Using Electrochemical Techniques

Jáquez-Muñoz, Jesús Manuel; Gaona-Tiburcio, C.; Méndez-Ramírez, Ce Tochtli; Baltazar-Zamora, Miguel Ángel; Estupiñán-López, Francisco; Bautista-Margulis, R.G.; Cuevas-Rodríguez, Josefina; Ríos, Juan Pablo Flores-De los; Almeraya-Calderón, Facundo

doi:10.3390/met13030476

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Noticeably, the electric current density in the NaNO 3 solution was almost zero within the voltage range of 0-13 V due to the passivation effects on the surface of titanium alloys. The passivation layer on the surface of titanium alloys could be broken with a lower voltage in NaCl electrolyte owing to the corrosion caused by chloride ions disrupting the oxide layer [29]. Meanwhile, processing titanium alloys in the NaNO 3 solution required a higher decomposition voltage of 13.8 V compared to 6.1 V in the NaCl solution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it was concluded that the effects of the passivation layer were more pronounced when using the NaCl electrolyte during Laser-STEM. surface of titanium alloys could be broken with a lower voltage in NaCl electrolyte owing to the corrosion caused by chloride ions disrupting the oxide layer [29]. Meanwhile, processing titanium alloys in the NaNO3 solution required a higher decomposition voltage of 13.8 V compared to 6.1 V in the NaCl solution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on the Effect of Electrolytes on Processing Efficiency and Accuracy of Titanium Alloy Utilizing Laser and Shaped Tube Electrochemical Machining

Sun,

Wang,

Yang

et al. 2024

Materials

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Electrochemical machining (ECM) has become more prevalent in titanium alloy processing. However, the presence of the passivation layer on the titanium alloys significantly impacts the performance of ECM. In an attempt to overcome the passivation effects, a high-temperature electrolyte or the addition of halogen ions to the electrolyte has been used. Still, it often results in compromised machining accuracy and surface roughness. This study applied laser and shaped tube electrolytic machining (Laser-STEM) for titanium alloy drilling, where the laser was guided to the machining zone via total internal reflection. The performance of Laser-STEM using different types of electrolytes was compared. Further, the effects of laser power and pulse voltage on the machining side gap, material removal rate (MRR), and surface roughness were experimentally studied while drilling small holes in titanium alloy. The results indicated that the use of passivating electrolytes improved the machining precision, while the MRR decreased with an increase in laser power during Laser-STEM. The MRR showed an increase while using aggressive electrolytes; however, at the same time, the machining precision deteriorated with the increase in laser power. Particularly, the maximum feeding rate of 6.0 mm/min for the tool electrode was achieved using NaCl solution as the electrolyte during Laser-STEM, marking a 100% increase compared to the rate without the use of a laser. Moreover, the model and equivalent circuits were also established to illustrate the material removal mechanisms of Laser-STEM in different electrolytes. Lastly, the processing of deep small holes with a diameter of 1.5 mm, a depth of 38 mm, and a surface roughness of Ra 2 µm was achieved via Laser-STEM without the presence of a recast layer and heat-affected zones. In addition, the cross-inner flow channels in the titanium alloys were effectively processed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Effect of Electrolytes on Processing Efficiency and Accuracy of Titanium Alloy Utilizing Laser and Shaped Tube Electrochemical Machining

Sun,

Wang,

Yang

et al. 2024

Materials

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“…Then, using the empirical decomposition method (EMD), the instantaneous frequencies were shown using the Hilbert spectrum. A program created in Math Works' MATLAB 2018a software (Natick, MA, USA) was used to process the EN data [48][49][50].…”

Section: Electrochemical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The corrosion kinetics behaviors of the passivated steels were obtained through the potentiodynamic polarization curves, where electrochemical parameters such as the corrosion current density, i corr (µA/cm 2 ); corrosion potential, E corr (mV); corrosion rate (mm/yr); anodic Tafel slope (β a ); and cathodic Tafel slope (β c ) were obtained using the Tafel extrapolation method [50][51][52]. The potentiodynamic polarization curves refer to the relationship curve between the electrode potential and polarization current density and include the anode and cathode polarization curves.…”

Section: Potentiodynamic Polarizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Electrochemical Noise for the Study of Corrosion by Passivated CUSTOM 450 and AM 350 Stainless Steels

Almeraya-Calderon,

Villegas-Tovar,

Maldonado-Bandala

et al. 2024

Metals

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Precipitation-hardening stainless steels, like AM 350 and Custom 450, are extensively utilized in various aerospace applications. The latter steel is utilized for applications needing great strength and corrosion resistance. In contrast, the former steel has a good corrosion resistance and moderate strength. The purpose of this study was to analyze transient frequencies in the electrochemical noise of Custom 450 and AM 350 stainless steels that had been passivated for 60 and 90 min at 25 and 49 °C using baths of citric and nitric acid and then immersed in solutions containing 1% sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and 5% sodium chloride (NaCl). The potentiodynamic polychromatic curves employed electrochemical techniques and noise (EN) based on the ASTM-G5 and G199 standards. Two methods of data analysis were applied concerning EN: the domain of frequencies (power spectral density, PSD) and the time–frequency domain (Hilbert-Huang Transform). The PHSS passivated in citric acid indicated current densities in the H2SO4 solution between 10−2 and 10−3 mA/cm2, while those in the NaCl solution were recorded around 10−4 and 10−5 mA/cm2. The citric acid functions as a passivating agent. The results of the electrochemical noise analysis show that the PHSS passivated in nitric acid displayed a greater corrosion resistance. Moreover, there is a tendency for PHSS to be passivated in nitric acid to corrode locally.

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“…At potentials higher than +0.6V, to obtain a better quality of the fitting process, a Warburg element was introduced into the circuit [27]. The Warburg element represents the movement/diffusion of electrons/ions in solid or liquid phases and its impedance is:…”

Section: Selection Of An Equivalent Electrical Circuit Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Equivalent Circuit Model Prediction of High-Entropy Alloy Behavior in Aggressive Media

Cabrera-Peña

Brito-Garcia

Rosca

et al. 2023

Metals

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Due to the optimistic outcomes of the research on high-entropy alloys, new designs of these alloys are being encouraged. We studied the high-entropy CoCrFeMoNi alloy and the CoCrFeMoNi alloy doped with Zr. In order to choose the best electrical equivalent circuit for the prediction of the behavior of these high-entropy alloys at various potentials in artificial seawater, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements were conducted on samples with and without Zr-doped CoCrFeMoNi. At various potential levels, the impedance spectra were measured between −1.0 and +0.8 V vs. SCE. The study consists of a preliminary section with microstructure by metallography, open-circuit potential, and linear polarization curves by direct-current tests followed by visual analysis of the impedance spectra, and, finally, the selection of an equivalent electrical circuit model to fit the experimental data. By leveraging the advantages of EIS analysis, the information is essential for materials development, corrosion-mitigation strategies, and the successful implementation of these alloys in practical applications. It is important to note that selecting an equivalent circuit is often an iterative and subjective process, as it involves a balance between model complexity and the ability to accurately represent the system’s behavior.

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Corrosion of Titanium Alloys Anodized Using Electrochemical Techniques

Cited by 16 publications

References 88 publications

Study on the Effect of Electrolytes on Processing Efficiency and Accuracy of Titanium Alloy Utilizing Laser and Shaped Tube Electrochemical Machining

Study on the Effect of Electrolytes on Processing Efficiency and Accuracy of Titanium Alloy Utilizing Laser and Shaped Tube Electrochemical Machining

Use of Electrochemical Noise for the Study of Corrosion by Passivated CUSTOM 450 and AM 350 Stainless Steels

Electrical Equivalent Circuit Model Prediction of High-Entropy Alloy Behavior in Aggressive Media

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