Corrosion performance of 3%Cr steel in CO₂‐H₂S environment compared with carbon steel

Abstract

Corrosion behavior of 3wt.% Cr low alloy steel in aqueous CO2‐H2S environment was investigated in comparison with API X60 carbon steel using high temperature and high pressure autoclave. The corrosion performance of 3Cr steel was analyzed by XRD, XPS, SEM, EDS and EIS. In CO2‐H2S environment, the corrosion scale of 3Cr steel possessed a triple structure of the outer layer of FeS, the middle layer of FeCO3 and the inner layer of FeCO3, Cr(OH)3 and Cr2O3. FeS mainly formed through the dissolution and re‐deposition from FeCO3. Hydrolytic action of Cr3+ during corrosion affected the formation process of corrosion scale of 3Cr steel. The Cr‐rich layer of the corrosion scale of 3Cr steel blocked the ions transport through corrosion scale to improve corrosion resistance of 3Cr steel. For H2S‐containg CO2 environment, 3Cr steel still exhibited higher corrosion resistance than X60 carbon steel and would be a promising material option in such environment.

In Vitro Corrosion of Titanium Nitride and Oxynitride-Based Biocompatible Coatings Deposited on Stainless Steel

“…As largely reported in the literature, stainless steels are the best corrosion-resistant alloys; however, their exposure to chemical demanding environments may produce and accelerate their corrosion. Consequently, the effects of different parameters related to their composition and the specific corrosive environments have been investigated [1][2][3][4][5]. The presence of Cr, Ni, Mo, and Cu in the composition of different stainless steel alloys has a positive role due to the ability of these elements to form superficial passive layers of oxides in corrosive environments, which limit the propagation of the corrosion process.…”

“…In the case of long-term exposure to corrosive environments, the protective passive layer becomes unstable and spontaneously decays, such as the metal rusting due to oxidation becomes evident, being also accompanied by the weight loss. After the passive layer is damaged/broken, the corrosion process of stainless steel is accelerated [3,4], and its corrosion will proceed, depending on the type of corrosive environment and duration of the corrosive attack. The acidic media produce an enhanced corrosion attack, such that in order to reduce the corrosion risk, one should carefully select the grade of stainless steel and use a less acidic medium [6].…”

Monitoring and mitigating corrosion in geothermal systems

“…For the first option, the samples are immersed in an aerated solution, the autoclave is sealed, and oxygen is removed through nitrogen purging. [ 56 ] For the second option, oxygen is first removed from the solution via nitrogen, the samples to be studied are then immersed in the oxygen‐free solution and the autoclave is sealed [ 57–59 ] before further purging.…”

“…The nitrogen purging step may last between 30 min [24,56] and 12 h [60,61] or even 24 h, [59] depending on the autoclave volume and nitrogen flow. Instead of nitrogen, argon [24,62,63] or carbon dioxide [64] may be used.…”

Formation and Evolution of the Corrosion Scales on Super 13Cr Stainless Steel in a Formate Completion Fluid With Aggressive Substances

“…The FeCr 2 O 4 can be destabilized and gradually transferred into Cr(OH) 3 . Figure 13C illustrates the precipitation of Cr(OH) 3 in the inner layer due to its extremely low solubility product constant (Xu et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2015). Consequently, a Cr-rich inner layer appears instead of a passive film on the surface when the CO 2 -saturated formate fluid was at 180 °C.…”