Corrosion resistance properties of glow-discharge nitrided AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel in NaCl solutions

Fossati, A.; Borgioli, Francesca; Galvanetto, Emanuele; Bacci, T.

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2005.06.006

Cited by 177 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Asami and Hashimoto reported that the nature of chemical bonding of metal elements can be estimated using the chemical shift in the electron binding energy measured by XPS. 43 It has been revealed that the pitting corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels is improved with interstitial nitrogen, [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] and the presence of chemical bonding of the induced interstitial nitrogen to chromium in the improved stainless steel was Table IV. Work functions of 0 C, 0.3 C, 0.6 C, 0.8 C, and 1.1 C steels defined as photoelectric threshold energy in PYS spectra (Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[23][24][25][26][27][28][29] * Electrochemical Society Member. z E-mail: CHIBA.Aya@nims.go.jp It has been reported that the generation of hydroxide ions (OH − ) as a by-product of the dissolution of interstitial nitrogen in the exposed environment (alkalization) is one of mechanisms contributing to the improved localized corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels with interstitial nitrogen.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Interstitial Carbon Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of Fe-33Mn-xC Austenitic Steels: Inhibition of Anodic Dissolution

Chiba

Koyama

Akiyama

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Five Fe-33Mn-xC steels, referred to as 0 C, 0.3 C, 0.6 C, 0.8 C, and 1.1 C steels according to their carbon content in mass%, were prepared to clarify the effect of interstitial carbon on the dissolution behavior of steel. The 0.3 C, 0.6 C, 0.8 C, and 1.1 C steels indicated a fully austenitic structure with no carbide precipitate. The lattice parameters of the 0.6 C, 0.8 C, and 1.1 C steels calculated from the γ(111) and γ(200) diffraction peaks increased by up to around 0.8% over that of the 0.3 C steel, suggesting that the added carbon was present as interstitial carbon in the steels. The 0.6 C, 0.8 C, and 1.1 C steels were passivated during the anodic polarization measurements in 0.1 M Na 2 SO 4 solution at pH 12.0, whereas the 0 C and 0.3 C steels actively dissolved. The anodic polarization measurements in a buffer solution at pH 10.0 demonstrated a lower dissolution current density for the 0.3 C, 0.6 C, 0.8 C, and 1.1 C steels with higher amounts of interstitial carbon. The dissolution current density at 0.3 V vs. Ag/AgCl (3.33 M KCl) of the 1.1 C steel was reduced to approximately 1 × 10 −2 A m −2 , which was one hundredth that of the 0.3 C steel. The dissolution current density of the steels was not inhibited by the presence of 0.1 M CO 3 2− ions, which is an expected dissolution product of interstitial carbon, implying that the interstitial carbon improved the electrochemical property of the steels themselves. The work function of the 1.1 C steel, which showed improved corrosion resistance with interstitial carbon, was 0.12 eV lower than that of the 0 C steel. Interstitial carbon has been reported to successfully improve the corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels. Low-temperature carburizing treatments have been typically applied to introduce a substantial amount of interstitial carbon at the surface region of austenitic stainless steels to form a carbide precipitation free carbon super saturated solid solution layer. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The carburizing treatments are known to dramatically improve the pitting corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels in chloride-containing environments. Anodic polarization measurements of the specimens with an exposed area of around 1 cm 2 indicated an increase in the pitting corrosion potential of the carburized stainless steels with interstitial carbon compared to untreated stainless steels. 1,[3][4][5] The microscopic anodic polarization measurements of the carburized stainless steel with a micro-scale electrode area (around 150 μm × 300 μm) containing an MnS inclusion, which is known to act as an initiation site of the pitting of stainless steels, 10-21 demonstrated that no pitting was initiated on the carburized stainless steel despite the presence of the MnS inclusion.6 The micro-scale electrode areas were in situ observed by an optical microscope with a water immersion objective lens (a lateral resolution of ca. 350 nm)19,22 during the microscopic anodic polarization. The microscopic polarization measurements revealed that the carbur...

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Section: Effect Of Comentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interstitial Carbon Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of Fe-33Mn-xC Austenitic Steels: Inhibition of Anodic Dissolution

Chiba

Koyama

Akiyama

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Many researchers have demonstrated that plasma nitriding treatments below 723 K form a precipitation free nitrogen solid solution layer which results in the improvement of pitting and crevice corrosion resistance, whereas plasma nitriding treatments above 723 K form nitride precipitates, such as chromium nitride (CrN), in a nitrogen solid solution layer and decrease corrosion resistance. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Other nitriding treatments without nitride precipitates, such heat-treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere and a nitrogen gas pressurized electro-slag remelting process, also improve the pitting corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels. 7,8 Baba et al detected ammonia (NH 3 ) as a dissolution product of interstitial nitrogen in austenitic stainless steels by absorptiometry, and proposed that the hydroxide ions (OH − ) generated as a by-product of the NH 3 production reaction improved the localized corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels with interstitial nitrogen.…”

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confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Aspects of Interstitial Nitrogen in Carbon Steel: Passivation in Neutral Environments

Chiba

Nagataki

Nishimura

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Plasma nitriding treatment was applied at 603 K to introduce interstitial nitrogen into carbon steel and to form a precipitation free nitrogen solid solution layer. The nitrogen solid solution layer contained 0.05-0.1 mass% (0.2-0.4 at%) interstitial nitrogen and resulted in ca. 0.7% expansion of the lattice parameter. Anodic polarization measurements of the nitrogen solid solution layer were taken to reveal the effect of interstitial nitrogen on the polarization behavior of carbon steel. The nitrogen solid solution layer was passivated in Na 2 SO 4 solutions above pH 6.0. The effectiveness of alkalization and NO 3 − ions, which were the expected dissolution by-products or products of interstitial nitrogen, was confirmed using buffer solutions at pH 6.0 and 8.45 with and without NO 3 − ions. In addition, the work function of carbon steel increased 0.08 eV with the interstitial nitrogen, suggesting the interstitial nitrogen made it difficult for the carbon steel to dissolve into solutions. Therefore, it was concluded not only did the interstitial nitrogen affect the exposed environments due to the alkalization and NO 3 − ions, but also that the work function of the carbon steel changed. The combination of these three factors resulted in the passivation of the nitrogen solid solution layer in a neutral environment. Interstitial nitrogen and carbon have been reported to successfully improve the corrosion resistance of iron-based metals. Because the solid solubility limits of nitrogen and carbon in austenite phase is higher than those in the ferrite and martensite phases, interstitial elements are typically used in austenitic stainless steels. Low temperature plasma nitriding treatments have been known to result in the formation of a precipitation free nitrogen super saturated solid solution layer on austenitic stainless steels. These are characterized by a crystal structure similar to that of face centered cubic (fcc) austenite with interstitial nitrogen, and are known to exhibit high localized corrosion resistance. Many researchers have demonstrated that plasma nitriding treatments below 723 K form a precipitation free nitrogen solid solution layer which results in the improvement of pitting and crevice corrosion resistance, whereas plasma nitriding treatments above 723 K form nitride precipitates, such as chromium nitride (CrN), in a nitrogen solid solution layer and decrease corrosion resistance.1-6 Other nitriding treatments without nitride precipitates, such heat-treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere and a nitrogen gas pressurized electro-slag remelting process, also improve the pitting corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels. 7,8 Baba et al. detected ammonia (NH 3 ) as a dissolution product of interstitial nitrogen in austenitic stainless steels by absorptiometry, and proposed that the hydroxide ions (OH − ) generated as a by-product of the NH 3 production reaction improved the localized corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels with interstitial nitrogen. 7 In an experiment on a low temper...

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“…If the temperature is lower than 450 °C, an expanded austenite phase (g N ), which presents a large nitrogen concentration, is formed. This layer shows higher hardness and higher pitting corrosion resistance in comparison with the untreated austenite (g) [6][7][8][9] . Compared to g reflections, g N peaks are broader and shifted to lower diffraction angles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of expanded austenite formed in plasma nitrided AISI 316L samples, using synchrotron radiation diffraction

et al. 2014

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Corrosion resistance properties of glow-discharge nitrided AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel in NaCl solutions

Cited by 177 publications

References 18 publications

Interstitial Carbon Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of Fe-33Mn-xC Austenitic Steels: Inhibition of Anodic Dissolution

Interstitial Carbon Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of Fe-33Mn-xC Austenitic Steels: Inhibition of Anodic Dissolution

Electrochemical Aspects of Interstitial Nitrogen in Carbon Steel: Passivation in Neutral Environments

Study of expanded austenite formed in plasma nitrided AISI 316L samples, using synchrotron radiation diffraction

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