Cortical correlates of response time slowing in older adults: ERP and ERD/ERS analyses during passive ankle movement

Abstract

ERP and ERD/ERS measurements during kinesthetic assessment provide new insights on identification of the origin of sensorimotor slowing in older adults.

Visual deviant stimuli produce mismatch responses in the amplitude dynamics of neuronal oscillations

“…While the duration of ERPs is not longer than 600-800 ms, visual stimulation and working memory can induce changes in the alpha band oscillations lasting for 3 s (Chen et al, 2015). The differences in the duration of ERPs and ERD/ERS have been demonstrated in many studies with different kind of stimuli and tasks; in general ERD/ERS usually peak later than the ERP components (Anderson and Ding, 2011;Deiber et al, 2010;Toledo et al, 2016). In our study, ERD/ERS latencies were longer compared to the previously reported vMMN latencies; however, our results are in line with previous findings where oscillatory responses were late compared to ERPs.…”

Classification of Motor Imagery EEG Based on Sparsification and Non-negative Matrix Factorization

“…In the exercise of imagination, ipsilateral hemispheric μ rhythm and β rhythm are inhibited, while the countermeasures of halfbrain μ rhythm and β rhythm increases. This phenomenon is event-related desynchronization (ERD) or event-related synchronization (ERS) [8,9].…”

Age-related differences in EEG beta activity during an assessment of ankle proprioception

“…Age-related deterioration in the musculoskeletal and neuronal systems, in addition to reduced levels of selective attention and working memory, can lead to a decline of sensorimotor performance in older adults. Consequently, neuronal compensatory mechanisms such as activation of additional cortical areas [1][2][3] and increased cortical beta activity [4] are suggested to occur in older adults in an attempt to effectively perform specific tasks. Extra-activation could be understood as a functional reorganization and/or a redistribution of functional networks.…”

“…Such information might provide meanings of how to prevent or revert functional sensorimotor deficits. A recent study from our laboratory combined electroencephalography (EEG) and response time (RT) task during brisk passive ankle movement and showed that worsening performance (longer RT) in older adults was correlated to delayed and weaker proprioceptive stimulus arrival at the cortex [4]. As a consequence, higher cognitive effort, suggested by larger eventrelated desynchronization (ERD) at beta band, was needed in order to process the reduced and time-dispersed peripheral input in aged individuals.…”

“…The ERD/ERS was expressed as a proportional power decrease (ERD) or power increase (ERS) in relation to the power computed at a reference interval (between 1.5 and 0.5 s before movement onset). Given the variability of response times within subjects, instead of calculating the grand average signals for each subject [4], individual signals were separated into three categories, according to the response time (fast-, medium-and slow-RT). The classification of somatosensory ERPs according to response time variation was proposed previously by Kida et al [20] during the oddball paradigm with an electrical stimulation of the wrist.…”