Cortical glucose metabolic rate correlates of abstract reasoning and attention studied with positron emission tomography

Haier, Richard J.; Siegel, Benjamin V.; Nuechterlein, Keith H.; Hazlett, Erin A.; Wu, Joseph C.; Paek, Joanne; Browning, Heather L.; Buchsbaum, Monte S.

doi:10.1016/0160-2896(88)90016-5

Cited by 618 publications

(346 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This result suggests that for younger adults, cognitively high performing subjects may be able to process novelty more efficiently, thus appropriating fewer resources than cognitively average performing subjects (Haier et al, 1988;McGarry-Roberts et al, 1992). Consistent with this notion are studies that have shown that young subjects with greater intellectual capacity generate smaller target P3 amplitudes (Egan et al, 1994;McGarry-Roberts et al, 1992); however, this has not been an invariant finding (e.g., Jausovec and Jausovec, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Compensatory neural activity distinguishes different patterns of normal cognitive aging

et al. 2008

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Most cognitive neuroscientific research exploring the nature of age-associated compensatory mechanisms has compared old adults (high vs. average performers) to young adults (not split by performance), leaving ambiguous whether findings are truly age-related or reflect differences between high and average performers throughout the lifespan. Here, we examined differences in neural activity (as measured by ERPs) that were generated by high vs. average performing old, middle-age, and young adults while processing novel and target events to investigate the following three questions: 1) Are differences between cognitively high and average performing subjects in the allocation of processing resources (as indexed by P3 amplitude) specific to old subjects, or found throughout the adult lifespan? 2) Are differences between cognitively high and average performing subjects in speed of processing (as indexed by target P3 latency) of similar magnitude throughout the adult lifespan? 3) Where along the information processing stream does the compensatory neural activity attributed to cognitively high performing old subjects begin to take place? Our results suggest that high performing old adults successfully manage the task by a compensatory neural mechanism associated with the modulation of controlled processing and the allocation of more resources, whereas high performing younger subjects execute the task more efficiently with fewer resources. Differences between cognitively high and average performers in processing speed increase with age. Middle-age seems to be a critical stage in which substantial differences in neural activity between high and average performers emerge. These findings provide strong evidence for different patterns of agerelated changes in the processing of salient environmental stimuli, with cognitive status serving as a key mediating variable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Compensatory neural activity distinguishes different patterns of normal cognitive aging

et al. 2008

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“…Ability-dependent differences in cortical activity during cognitive processing have been repeatedly reported, with poor performers showing increased cortical activity during task solving (Haier et al, 1988;Lamm et al, 1999). In order to exclude the confounding effects of such individual differences, potential participants were pretested using a standardized three-dimensional cube comparison test (3DC; Gittler, 1990).…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Premotor Cortex Activity during Dynamic Visuospatial Imagery from Single-Trial Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Event-Related Slow Cortical Potentials

et al. 2001

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A strong correspondence has been repeatedly observed between actually performed and mentally imagined object rotation. This suggests an overlap in the brain regions involved in these processes. Functional neuroimaging studies have consistently revealed parietal and occipital cortex activity during dynamic visuospatial imagery. However, results concerning the involvement of higher-order cortical motor areas have been less consistent. We investigated if and when premotor structures are active during processing of a three-dimensional cube comparison task that requires dynamic visuospatial imagery. In order to achieve a good temporal and spatial resolution, single-trial functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and scalp-recorded event-related slow cortical potentials (SCPs) were recorded from the same subjects in two separate measurement sessions. In order to reduce inter-subject variability in brain activity due to individual differences, only male subjects (n ‫؍‬ 13) with high task-specific ability were investigated. Functional MRI revealed consistent bilateral activity in the occipital (Brodmann area BA18/19) and parietal cortex (BA7), in lateral and medial premotor areas (BA6), the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (BA9), and the anterior insular cortex. The time-course of SCPs indicated that task-related activity in these areas commenced approximately 550 -650 ms after stimulus presentation and persisted until task completion. These results provide strong and consistent evidence that the human premotor cortex is involved in dynamic visuospatial imagery.

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“…Zuckerman, 1991). Haier et al (1988) did not find significant differences in absolute cerebral metabolic rate for glucose between three levels of task complexity. Several localized regions of the brain showed more activity when subjects worked through the complex Raven's Progressive Matrices test than when doing a visual search task (i.e., pressing a key whenever 'O' appeared on the computer screen, or simply attending to a changing series of digits without responding).…”

Section: Neural Efficiency Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 89%

Models and Paradigms in Personality and Intelligence Research

Stankov

Boyle

Cattell

1995

International Handbook of Personality and Intelligence

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Cortical glucose metabolic rate correlates of abstract reasoning and attention studied with positron emission tomography

Cited by 618 publications

References 33 publications

Compensatory neural activity distinguishes different patterns of normal cognitive aging

Compensatory neural activity distinguishes different patterns of normal cognitive aging

Evidence for Premotor Cortex Activity during Dynamic Visuospatial Imagery from Single-Trial Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Event-Related Slow Cortical Potentials

Models and Paradigms in Personality and Intelligence Research

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