Cortical Representation of Swallowing in Normal Adults: Functional Implications

Mosier, Kristine M.; Patel, Rakesh; Liu, Wen Ching; Kalnin, Andrew; Maldjian, Joseph A.; Baredes, Soly

doi:10.1097/00005537-199909000-00011

Cited by 123 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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Section: Stimulus Type and Swallow Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These techniques primarily included surface electromyography (EMG) under the chin and/or on the neck to detect movement of the muscles of the larynx [57,[61][62][63] or MR-compatible bellows to measure movement of the larynx and the thoracic cavity (respiration) [54,59,60,65].…”

Section: Stimulus Type and Swallow Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a block design, trials from each condition are grouped in time and a rest period is often incorporated (control or nulltask blocks) so that activity related to particular tasks can be measured [46]. Six studies used only block designs [41,58,[61][62][63][64] that incorporated activity (i.e., swallow, nonswallowing motor task) and rest intervals.The event-related (or single trial) design assumes that neural activity related to a particular task has a discrete interval that can be best captured when not restricted to predetermined or …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Visual cues were provided using written instructions, drawings, or even flashlight [41,53,54,60,65] and auditory cues were typically instructions given by the investigator [64]. Some studies used subject selfinfusion of a water bolus as a swallow stimulus [55] or varied the stimulus depending on the task [57,58,[61][62][63] (i.e., saliva swallow used an audio cue and water swallow was initiated by water infusion).Nine studies used some technique to confirm that swallowing took place or was absent. These techniques primarily included surface electromyography (EMG) under the chin and/or on the neck to detect movement of the muscles of the larynx [57,[61][62][63] or MR-compatible bellows to measure movement of the larynx and the thoracic cavity (respiration) [54,59,60,65].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies used subject selfinfusion of a water bolus as a swallow stimulus [55] or varied the stimulus depending on the task [57,58,[61][62][63] (i.e., saliva swallow used an audio cue and water swallow was initiated by water infusion).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Normal Swallowing and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review

2007

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Unknowns about the neurophysiology of normal and disordered swallowing have stimulated exciting and important research questions. Previously, these questions were answered using clinical and animal studies. However, recent technologic advances have moved brain-imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to the forefront of swallowing neurophysiology research. This systematic review has summarized the methods and results of studies of swallowing neurophysiology of healthy adults using fMRI. A comprehensive electronic and hand search for original research was conducted, including few search limitations to yield the maximum possible number of relevant studies. The participants, study design, tasks, and brain image acquisition were reviewed and the results indicate that the primary motor and sensory areas were most consistently active in the healthy adult participants across the relevant studies. Other prevalent areas of activation included the anterior cingulate cortex and insular cortex. Review limitations and suggested future directions are also discussed. KeywordsDeglutition; Deglutition disorders; Functional magnetic resonance imaging An estimated 18 million adults have dysphagia, or swallowing disorders, in the United States [1]. Dysphagia is a condition that becomes more prevalent with increasing age and often results from neurologic damage or disorders such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. As a result, much of the research on swallowing disorders has focused on understanding and delineating the neurophysiology of swallowing with the overall goal of increasing the efficacy and accuracy with which diagnosis and intervention procedures are employed.Data from clinical and animal studies have provided the earliest insight into the central control of swallowing. In particular, clinical studies have provided an evolving foundation of thought pertaining to the central control of swallowing. These investigations have characteristically started with a disordered neurologic group (i.e., poststroke population) and combined both anatomical brain-imaging techniques (still pictures of the brain) such as computerized tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a swallowing assessment to correlate damaged brain areas with the presence or type of dysphagia observed. The vast majority of clinical studies have focused on the effects of stroke on swallowing [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] This systematic review summarizes studies that have explored the neurophysiology of swallowing in healthy adults using fMRI. The goal of a systematic review is to gather and present objectively the current status of research in a particular area of interest. It presents an unbiased review of the relevant literature by describing the systematic methods for obtaining the relevant literature on this topic. Search Strategies ElectronicAn electronic database search was completed using Medline (Ovid and PubMed), CINAHL, DARE, ACP Journal Club, the Cochrane L...

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Section: Stimulus Type and Swallow Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stimulus Type and Swallow Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Normal Swallowing and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review

2007

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Brain Mechanisms of Oral Motor Functions

2021

Dental Neuroimaging

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Effect of thalamic deep brain stimulation on swallowing in patients with essential tremor

Lapa

Claus

Reitz

et al. 2020

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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Objective: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) is a mainstay treatment for severe and drug-refractory essential tremor (ET). Although stimulation-induced dysarthria has been extensively described, possible impairment of swallowing has not been systematically investigated yet. Methods: Twelve patients with ET and bilateral VIM-DBS with self-reported dysphagia after VIM-DBS were included. Swallowing function was assessed clinically and using by flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing in the stim-ON and in the stim-OFF condition. Presence, severity, and improvement of dysphagia were recorded. Results: During stim-ON, the presence of dysphagia could be objectified in all patients, 42% showing mild, 42% moderate, and 16 % severe dysphagia. During stim-OFF, all patients experienced a statistically significant improvement of swallowing function. Interpretation: VIM-DBS may have an impact on swallowing physiology in ET-patients. Further studies to elucidate the prevalence and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are warranted.

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Cortical Representation of Swallowing in Normal Adults: Functional Implications

Cited by 123 publications

References 28 publications

Normal Swallowing and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review

Normal Swallowing and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review

Brain Mechanisms of Oral Motor Functions

Effect of thalamic deep brain stimulation on swallowing in patients with essential tremor

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