Cortical Thickness and Subcortical Volumes in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

Rimol, Lars M.; Hartberg, Cecilie B.; Nesvåg, Ragnar; Fennema-Notestine, Christine; Hagler, Donald J.; Pung, Chris J.; Jennings, Robin G.; Haukvik, Unn K.; Lange, Elisabeth; Nakstad, P; Melle, Ingrid; Andreassen, Ole A.; Dale, Anders M.; Agartz, Ingrid

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.03.036

Cited by 425 publications

(365 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The findings were similar, although not entirely overlapping, in the two samples. Previous studies from our group have demonstrated reduced cortical thickness in prefrontal and temporal regions (Nesvåg et al, 2008;Rimol et al, 2010) and reduced cortical area in circumscribed regions of the brain (Rimol et al, 2012) among the patients. Interestingly, the latter study found reduced cortical area in the left pericentral and right lateral temporal regions, similar to regions with reduced lGI in the present study.…”

Section: Group Differencesmentioning

confidence: 55%

Reduced brain cortical folding in schizophrenia revealed in two independent samples

Nesvåg

Schaer

Haukvik

et al. 2014

Schizophrenia Research

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The cerebral cortex is highly convoluted, and principal folding patterns are determined early in life. Degree of cortical folding in adult life may index aberrations in brain development. Results from previous studies of cortical folding in schizophrenia are inconsistent. Here we investigated cortical folding patterns in the hitherto largest sample of patients with schizophrenia drawn from two independent cohorts. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from 207 patients and 206 healthy subjects recruited to two separate research projects in Sweden and Norway. Local gyrification index (lGI) was estimated continuously across the cortex using automated methods. Group differences in lGI were analyzed using general linear models. Patients had lower lGI in three large clusters of the cortex with peak differences found in the left precentral gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, and right precuneus. Similar, although not completely overlapping results were found when the two cohorts were analyzed separately. There were no significant interaction effects between age and diagnosis and gender and diagnosis. The finding of reduced degree of folding in large regions of the cerebral cortex across two independent samples indicates that reduced gyrification is an inherent feature of the brain pathology in schizophrenia.

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Section: Group Differencesmentioning

confidence: 55%

Reduced brain cortical folding in schizophrenia revealed in two independent samples

Nesvåg

Schaer

Haukvik

et al. 2014

Schizophrenia Research

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“…Although the weight of the evidence points towards a reduction in thalamic volume in schizophrenia (for metaanalyses see Adriano et al, 2011;Konick and Friedman, 2001, and for a recent large study see Rimol et al, 2010), it is possible that we did not detect significant differences in thalamic or cortical volumes because of limited power due to the sample size. Our findings, however, are consistent with those collected in a much larger cohort of patients and controls acquired and processed with identical methodology (Goldman et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Investigation of Anatomical Thalamo-Cortical Connectivity and fMRI Activation in Schizophrenia

Marenco

Stein

Savostyanova

et al. 2011

Neuropsychopharmacol

143

101

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The purpose of this study was to examine measures of anatomical connectivity between the thalamus and lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) in schizophrenia and to assess their functional implications. We measured thalamocortical connectivity with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and probabilistic tractography in 15 patients with schizophrenia and 22 age-and sex-matched controls. The relationship between thalamocortical connectivity and prefrontal cortical blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) functional activity as well as behavioral performance during working memory was examined in a subsample of 9 patients and 18 controls. Compared with controls, schizophrenia patients showed reduced total connectivity of the thalamus to only one of six cortical regions, the LPFC. The size of the thalamic region with at least 25% of model fibers reaching the LPFC was also reduced in patients compared with controls. The total thalamocortical connectivity to the LPFC predicted working memory task performance and also correlated with LPFC BOLD activation. Notably, the correlation with BOLD activation was accentuated in patients as compared with controls in the ventral LPFC. These results suggest that thalamocortical connectivity to the LPFC is altered in schizophrenia with functional consequences on working memory processing in LPFC.

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“…That is, the MOFC might be specifically involved in motivational and executive aspects of schizophrenia as opposed to general schizophrenia psychopathology. Two other cortical thickness studies also failed to identify a significant correlation between illness severity (as measured using PANSS total scores) and thickness in any cortical region (Rimol et al 2010;Oertel-Knöchel et al 2013). Furthermore, van Haren et al (2011) identified an association between poor functional and symptomatic outcome [derived using a factor analysis on GAF (Global Assessment of Functioning), the Camberwell Assessment of Need scale, and PANSS] and cortical thinning in the superior temporal gyrus, but not in frontal areas.…”

Section: Illness Severitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prefrontal cortical thinning links to negative symptoms in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium

et al. 2017

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Background. Our understanding of the complex relationship between schizophrenia symptomatology and etiological factors can be improved by studying brain-based correlates of schizophrenia. Research showed that impairments in value processing and executive functioning, which have been associated with prefrontal brain areas [particularly the medial orbitofrontal cortex (MOFC)], are linked to negative symptoms. Here we tested the hypothesis that MOFC thickness is associated with negative symptom severity. Results. Meta-analytical results showed that left, but not right, MOFC thickness was significantly associated with negative symptom severity (β std = −0.075; p = 0.019) after accounting for age, gender, and site. This effect remained significant (p = 0.036) in a model including overall illness severity. Covarying for duration of illness, age of onset, antipsychotic medication or handedness weakened the association of negative symptoms with left MOFC thickness. As part of a secondary analysis including 10 other prefrontal regions further associations in the left lateral orbitofrontal gyrus and pars opercularis emerged.Conclusions. Using an unusually large cohort and a meta-analytical approach, our findings point towards a link between prefrontal thinning and negative symptom severity in schizophrenia. This finding provides further insight into the relationship between structural brain abnormalities and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.

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Cortical Thickness and Subcortical Volumes in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

Cited by 425 publications

References 76 publications

Reduced brain cortical folding in schizophrenia revealed in two independent samples

Reduced brain cortical folding in schizophrenia revealed in two independent samples

Investigation of Anatomical Thalamo-Cortical Connectivity and fMRI Activation in Schizophrenia

Prefrontal cortical thinning links to negative symptoms in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium

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