Corticotropin‐Releasing Factor (CRF) and CRF‐Related Peptides – a Linkage Between Stress and Anxiety

Blank, Thomas; Spiess, Joachim

doi:10.1002/9783527628346.ch8

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 87 publications

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“…CRHR1 is also considered to have an anxiogenic effect (Refojo and Holsboer, 2009). In comparison, the function of CRHR2 in the stress response is less well understood (Bale and Vale, 2004;Refojo and Holsboer, 2009;Blank and Spiess, 2010). It is possible that CRHR2 activation alone can reduce certain anxiety-like behaviors and may oppose some CRHR1-mediated anxietylike phenomena (Hauger et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 and 2 (CRHR1 and CRHR2) gene polymorphisms and personality traits

Ishitobi

Nakayama

Kanehisa

et al. 2013

Psychiatric Genetics

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Previous studies have reported that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is involved with personality traits. We examined the association between corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor (CRHR) genes and personality traits. We investigated the 12 single-nucleotide polymorphisms of intron CRHR (six in CRHR1 and six in CRHR2, respectively) in 218 healthy volunteers using TaqMan PCR assays. Personality traits were assessed using the Revised NEO-Personality Inventory, the Temperament and Character Inventory, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. No significant associations were observed between CRHR1 and CRHR2 expression and personality traits. These results fail to provide support for an association of CRHR1 and CRHR2 with personality traits in a Japanese adult population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 and 2 (CRHR1 and CRHR2) gene polymorphisms and personality traits

Ishitobi

Nakayama

Kanehisa

et al. 2013

Psychiatric Genetics

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Chemogenetic activation of CRF neurons as a model of chronic stress produces sex-specific physiological and behavioral effects

Montgomery,

Bridi,

Folts

et al. 2023

Neuropsychopharmacol.

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Trauma and chronic stress exposure are the strongest predictors of lifetime neuropsychiatric disease presentation. These disorders often have significant sex biases, with females having higher incidences of affective disorders such as major depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Understanding the mechanisms by which stress exposure heightens disease vulnerability is essential for developing novel interventions. Current rodent stress models consist of a battery of sensory, homeostatic, and psychological stressors that are ultimately integrated by corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neurons to trigger corticosteroid release. These stress paradigms, however, often differ between research groups in the type, timing, and duration of stressors utilized. These inconsistencies, along with the variability of individual animals’ perception and response to each stressor, present challenges for reproducibility and translational relevance. Here, we hypothesized that a more direct approach using chemogenetic activation of CRF neurons would recapitulate the effects of traditional stress paradigms and provide a high-throughput method for examining stress-relevant phenotypes. Using a transgenic approach to express the Gq-coupled Designer Receptor Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADD) receptor hM3Dq in CRF-neurons, we found that the DREADD ligand clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) produced an acute and robust activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, as predicted. Interestingly, chronic treatment with this method of direct CRF activation uncovered a novel sex-specific dissociation of glucocorticoid levels with stress-related outcomes. Despite hM3Dq-expressing females producing greater corticosterone levels in response to CNO than males, hM3Dq-expressing males showed significant typical physiological stress sensitivity with reductions in body and thymus weights. hM3Dq-expressing females while resistant to the physiological effects of chronic CRF activation, showed significant increases in baseline and fear-conditioned freezing behaviors. These data establish a novel mouse model for interrogating stress-relevant phenotypes and highlight sex-specific stress circuitry distinct for physiological and limbic control that may underlie disease risk.

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Corticotropin‐Releasing Factor (CRF) and CRF‐Related Peptides – a Linkage Between Stress and Anxiety

Cited by 2 publications

References 87 publications

Association between corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 and 2 (CRHR1 and CRHR2) gene polymorphisms and personality traits

Association between corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 and 2 (CRHR1 and CRHR2) gene polymorphisms and personality traits

Chemogenetic activation of CRF neurons as a model of chronic stress produces sex-specific physiological and behavioral effects

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