Corticotropin-releasing hormone-immunopositive nerve elements in apposition to chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormone I-containing perikarya in Japanese quail ( Coturnix coturnix japonica ) brain

Wang, Ruizhong; Millam, James R.

doi:10.1007/s004410051350

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The distribution of GnRH-ir neurons described for the septum closely matches the position of our LSc.vl, LSc.l, and CcS. This topographical assignment is corroborated by double-label data showing a close correspondence between GnRH-ir neurons and fibers immunoreactive for VIP and CRF (Teruyama and Beck, 2001;Wang and Millam, 1999). The CRF double-label data are particularly informative, as CRF-ir fibers in the present study were located only to the LSc.vl, LSc.l, and CcS.…”

Section: Histochemical Comparisons With the Major Septal Divisions Ofsupporting

confidence: 79%

Chemoarchitectonic subdivisions of the songbird septum and a comparative overview of septum chemical anatomy in jawed vertebrates

Goodson

Evans

Lindberg

2004

J of Comparative Neurology

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Available data demonstrate that the avian septal region shares a number of social behavior functions and neurochemical features in common with mammals. However, the structural and functional subdivisions of the avian septum remain largely unexplored. In order to delineate chemoarchitectural zones of the avian septum, we prepared a large dataset of double-, triple-, and quadruple-labeled material in a variety of songbird species (finches and waxbills of the family Estrildidae and a limited number of emberizid sparrows) using antibodies against 10 neuropeptides and enzymes. Ten septal zones were identified that were placed into lateral, medial, caudocentral, and septohippocampal divisions, with the lateral and medial divisions each containing multiple zones. The distributions of numerous immunoreactive substances in the lateral septum closely match those of mammals (i.e., distributions of met-enkephalin, vasotocin, galanin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, tyrosine hydroxylase, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, substance P, corticotropin-releasing factor, and neuropeptide Y), enabling detailed comparisons with numerous chemoarchitectonic zones of the mammalian lateral septum. Our septohippocampal and caudocentral divisions are topographically comparable to the mammalian septohippocampal and septofimbrial nuclei, respectively, although additional data will be required to establish homology. The present data also demonstrate the presence of a medial septal nucleus that is histochemically comparable to the medial septum of mammals. The avian medial septum is clearly defined by peptidergic markers and choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity. These findings should provide a useful framework for functional and comparative studies, as they suggest that many features of the septum are highly conserved across vertebrate taxa.

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Section: Histochemical Comparisons With the Major Septal Divisions Ofsupporting

confidence: 79%

Chemoarchitectonic subdivisions of the songbird septum and a comparative overview of septum chemical anatomy in jawed vertebrates

Goodson

Evans

Lindberg

2004

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…Our preliminary data indicate that citalopram may act to increase serotonin release in the PVN and amygdala of stress-sensitive animals, which in turn would decrease CRF production. Earlier work demonstrated that CRF plays an anti-reproductive role in macaques (Ferin, 1995) and CRF may directly or indirectly inhibit GnRH neurons in the hypothalamus (Ferin, 1993, Polkowska and Przekop, 1997, Wang and Millam, 1999). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress sensitive female macaques have decreased fifth Ewing variant (Fev) and serotonin-related gene expression that is not reversed by citalopram

et al. 2009

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Female cynomolgus monkeys exhibit different degrees of reproductive dysfunction with moderate metabolic and psychosocial stress. When stressed with a paradigm of relocation and diet for 60 days or 2 menstrual cycles, highly stress resilient monkeys (HSR) continued to ovulate during the stress cycles whereas stress sensitive monkeys (SS) did not. After cessation of stress, monkeys characterized as HSR or SS were administered placebo (PL) or S-citalopram (CIT) for 15 weeks at doses that normalized ovarian steroid secretion in the SS animals and that maintained blood citalopram levels in a therapeutic range. After euthanasia, the brain was perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde. The pontine midbrain was blocked and sectioned at 25μm. The expression of 4 genes pivotal to serotonin neural function was assessed in the 4 groups of monkeys (n=4/group). Fev (fifth Ewing variant) ETS transcription factor, tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2), the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT), and the 5HT1A autoreceptor were determined at 7-8 levels of the dorsal raphe nucleus with in situ hybridization (ISH) using radiolabeled-and digoxygenin-incorporated riboprobes. Positive pixel area and cell number were measured with Slidebook 4.2 in the digoxigenin assay for Fev. Optical density (OD) and positive pixel area were measured with NIH Image software in the radiolabeled assays for TPH2, SERT and 5HT1A. All data were analyzed with 2-way ANOVA. Stress-sensitive monkeys had significantly fewer Fev-positive cells and lower Fev-positive pixel area in the dorsal raphe than stress-resilient monkeys. Stress-sensitive macaques also had significantly lower levels of TPH2, SERT and 5HT1A mRNAs in the dorsal raphe nucleus than stress-resilient macaques. However, citalopram did not alter the expression of either Fev, TPH2, SERT or 5HT1A mRNAs. These data suggest that stress-sensitive macaques have fewer serotonin neurons than stressresilient macaques, and that they have deficient Fev expresssion, which in turn, leads to deficient TPH2, SERT and 5HT1A expression. In addition, the therapeutic effect of citalopram is probably achieved through mechanisms other than alteration of serotonin-related gene expression.

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“…One series of sections was immunostained for aromatase, one for gonadotropin-releasing hormone I (GnRH-I), and one for vasotocin under free-floating conditions, and then all were mounted on Superfrost slides. Immunostaining of aromatase, vasotocin, and GnRH-I followed published protocols employing the same antibodies (23)(24)(25). Control staining (using hypothalamic sections of other age-matched quails) omitting the primary antibody resulted in no cell labeling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male Japanese quails with female brains do not show male sexual behaviors

Gahr

2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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During embryonic development, gonadal steroid hormones (androgens and estrogens) are thought to organize the sexual differentiation of the brain in the heterogametic sexes of higher vertebrates (males in mammals, females in birds). Brain differentiation of the homogametic sexes is thought to proceed by default, not requiring sex hormones for sex-specific organization. In gallinaceous birds such as the Japanese quail, female brain organization is thought to develop via estrogen-dependent demasculinization of a default male brain phenotype. We performed male donor-tofemale host (MF), female-to-male (FM), male-to-male (MM), and female-to-female (FF) isotopic, isochronic transplantation of the forebrain primordium in Japanese quail embryos before gonadal differentiation had occurred; brain chimeras had a forebrain (including the hypothalamus) originating exclusively from donor cells. MM, FF, and MF chimeras all showed sexual behavior governed by the genetic sex of the host. In contrast, FM chimeras (genetically female forebrain, all other tissues genetically male) showed no mounting and only rudimentary crowing behavior. Although MM, FF, MF, and FM chimeras all showed host-typical production of steroid hormones during embryonic life, only FM chimeras were hypogonadal, had atypical low levels of circulating testosterone in adulthood, and showed reduction (crowing) or absence (mounting) of reproductive behaviors. Morphological features of the medial preoptic nucleus (a sexually dimorphic brain area) also were not male-like in FM males. These data demonstrate a brain-intrinsic, genetically determined component that organizes the sex-typical production of gonadal hormones in adulthood and call for a reevaluation of the mechanisms underlying brain sexual differentiation in other higher-vertebrate species.

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Corticotropin-releasing hormone-immunopositive nerve elements in apposition to chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormone I-containing perikarya in Japanese quail ( Coturnix coturnix japonica ) brain

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Chemoarchitectonic subdivisions of the songbird septum and a comparative overview of septum chemical anatomy in jawed vertebrates

Chemoarchitectonic subdivisions of the songbird septum and a comparative overview of septum chemical anatomy in jawed vertebrates

Stress sensitive female macaques have decreased fifth Ewing variant (Fev) and serotonin-related gene expression that is not reversed by citalopram

Male Japanese quails with female brains do not show male sexual behaviors

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