Corticotropin-releasing hormone, stress and human reproduction: an update

Kalantaridou, Sophia Ν.; Zoumakis, Emmanouil; Makrigiannakis, Antonis; Lavasidis, Lazaros; Vrekoussis, Thomas; Chrousos, George P.

doi:10.1016/j.jri.2010.02.005

Cited by 141 publications

(118 citation statements)

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“…These observations led some authors to suggest that the HPA axis might be the final common pathway that drives most of the symptomatology in depressive disorders, as well as several Neurosci Bull June 1, 2015, 31(3): 338-350 342 acute symptoms of other psychiatric disorders [76] .…”

Section: Glucocorticoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animal models of anxiety and depression have been used to elucidate how chronic stress and depression impact HPA axis activity, GC receptors, and intracellular signaling systems implicated in the observed morphological changes in limbic and cortical structures of the brain [2,69,76] . Thus, HPA axis hyperactivity should not be regarded merely as an epiphenomenon of depression, but as a crucial risk factor that predisposes individuals to the development of this affective disorder and that may be produced by early-life experiences that induce molecular changes in target tissues in association with genetic vulnerability and liability [69] .…”

Section: Glucocorticoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CRH has been shown to play a crucial role in the mechanisms responsible for embryo implantation and the maintenance of human pregnancy [76] . Both the rat and human uterus express the CRH gene [76,112] .…”

Section: Placental Crhmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the rat and human uterus express the CRH gene [76,112] . Cellular studies show that epithelial cells constitute the primary source of endometrial CRH [113] and its cognate receptor, CRH-R1 [114] , is widely distributed in epithelial and stromal cells of the human endometrium [113,115] and myometrium [111] .…”

Section: Placental Crhmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These actions have long been recognized to elicit both rapid and delayed effects on physiological and behavioral responses [76,[82][83][84] .…”

Section: Glucocorticoid Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function during perinatal depression

et al. 2015

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Abnormal function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is an important pathological finding in pregnant women exhibiting major depressive disorder. They show high levels of cortisol proinflammatory cytokines, hypothalamic-pituitary peptide hormones and catecholamines, along with low dehydroepiandrosterone levels in plasma. During pregnancy, the TH2 balance together with the immune system and placental factors play crucial roles in the development of the fetal allograft to full term. These factors, when altered, may generate a persistent dysfunction of the HPA axis that may lead to an overt transfer of cortisol and toxicity to the fetus at the expense of reduced activity of placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2. Epigenetic modifications also may contribute to the dysregulation of the HPA axis. Affective disorders in pregnant women should be taken seriously, and therapies focused on preventing the deleterious effects of stressors should be implemented to promote the welfare of both mother and baby.Keywords: brain; depression; neuroendocrine; pregnancy; stress; glucocorticoids Extensive studies have demonstrated that early life stressors produce changes in behavior and enhance the sensitivity of the stress response systems [1][2][3][4] . Although the genetic background has been implicated in the development of mood-related disorders, and genetic research has identified some chromosomal regions and genes that are involved in susceptibility to mood disorders, the etiology of anxiety and depressive disorders is still not clear in humans, particularly in women with major depressive disorder (MDD) [1] .The pathogenesis of perinatal depression is an emerging field. Although considerable progress has been made in this area in the last few years, there still remain unanswered questions and gaps in our knowledge of the underlying pathogenesis, the long-term impact of perinatal depression on the developing fetus, and the best methods for counseling pregnant women concerning the risks of untreated MDD versus the risks of psychopharmacologic treatment during pregnancy and lactation [5] . Meta-analysis studies have reported that the mean prevalence rate of prenatal depression is ~12% (this varies greatly according to location, mode of assessment, and socioeconomic conditions), and show that a large percentage of pregnant women displaying major depression remain depressed in the postpartum period and/or continuously [6,7] . Anxiety, depressive disorder, and stress during pregnancy are risk Phillipe Leff Gelman, et al. HPA axis in perinatal depression 339 factors for negative outcomes in newborns, like preterm birth or low birth weight; also, insecure attachment and impaired child development could be a consequence of mental disorders during pregnancy [6,[8][9][10] . The mechanisms by which maternal depression impacts fetal and neonatal development are currently under investigation; there is some evidence that depressive symptoms impact the infant's hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, enhancing the ...

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Section: Glucocorticoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glucocorticoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Placental Crhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Placental Crhmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These actions have long been recognized to elicit both rapid and delayed effects on physiological and behavioral responses [76,[82][83][84] .…”

Section: Glucocorticoid Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function during perinatal depression

et al. 2015

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Cell Chirality of Micropatterned Endometrial Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Zambuto,

Jain,

Theriault

et al. 2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Chirality is an intrinsic cellular property that describes cell polarization biases along the left‐right axis, apicobasal axis, or front‐rear axes. Cell chirality plays a significant role in the arrangement of organs in the body as well as the orientation of organelles, cytoskeletons, and cells. Vascular networks within the endometrium, the mucosal inner lining of the uterus, commonly display spiral architectures that rapidly form across the menstrual cycle. Herein, we systematically examine the role of endometrial‐relevant extracellular matrix stiffness, composition, and soluble signals on endometrial endothelial cell chirality using a high‐throughput microarray. Endometrial endothelial cells display marked patterns of chirality as individual cells and as cohorts in response to substrate stiffness and environmental cues. Vascular networks formed from endometrial endothelial cells also display shifts in chirality as a function of exogenous hormones. Changes in cellular‐scale chirality correlate with changes in vascular network parameters, suggesting a critical role for cellular chirality in directing endometrial vessel network organization.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Allostatic load and biological anthropology

Edes

Crews

2017

American J Phys Anthropol

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Multiple stressors affect developing and adult organisms, thereby partly structuring their phenotypes. Determining how stressors influence health, well-being, and longevity in human and nonhuman primate populations are major foci within biological anthropology. Although much effort has been devoted to examining responses to multiple environmental and sociocultural stressors, no holistic metric to measure stress-related physiological dysfunction has been widely applied within biological anthropology. Researchers from disciplines outside anthropology are using allostatic load indices (ALIs) to estimate such dysregulation and examine life-long outcomes of stressor exposures, including morbidity and mortality. Following allostasis theory, allostatic load represents accumulated physiological and somatic damage secondary to stressors and senescent processes experienced over the lifespan. ALIs estimate this wear-and-tear using a composite of biomarkers representing neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune systems. Across samples, ALIs are associated significantly with multiple individual characteristics (e.g., age, sex, education, DNA variation) of interest within biological anthropology. They also predict future outcomes, including aspects of life history variation (e.g., survival, lifespan), mental and physical health, morbidity and mortality, and likely health disparities between groups, by stressor exposures, ethnicity, occupations, and degree of departure from local indigenous life ways and integration into external and commodified ones. ALIs also may be applied to similar stress-related research areas among nonhuman primates. Given the reports from multiple research endeavors, here we propose ALIs may be useful for assessing stressors, stress responses, and stress-related dysfunction, current and long-term cognitive function, health and well-being, and risk of early mortality across many research programs within biological anthropology. K E Y W O R D Saging, allostasis, frailty, growth and development, nonhuman primates, senescence, stress | I N T R O D U C T I O NTraditional research foci within biological anthropology include variations in stress, morbidity, and mortality (for reviews, see Ice & James, 2007;Little, 2010). Despite this long-term focus, the field continues to pursue a reliable, relatively easy to apply metric for assessing lifetime stress and stress-related outcomes. We suggest incorporating the theory of allostasis and methods for assessing allostatic load within anthropological theory and methodology to aid in closing this gap. As a theory, allostasis was developed to explain how mammalian physiological responses to stressors in their environments evolved to maximize the probability of survival while limiting somatic damage (Korte, Koolhaas, Wingfield, & McEwen, 2005;McEwen & Stellar, 1993;McEwen & Wingfield, 2003;Sterling, 2004Sterling, , 2012Sterling & Eyer, 1988). Unfortunately, such beneficial defensive responses come at a cost and, over time, repeated allostatic activi...

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Corticotropin-releasing hormone, stress and human reproduction: an update

Cited by 141 publications

References 68 publications

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function during perinatal depression

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function during perinatal depression

Cell Chirality of Micropatterned Endometrial Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Allostatic load and biological anthropology

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