Cortisol stimulates growth hormone gene expression in rainbow trout leucocytes in vitro

Yada, Takashi; Muto, Kohji; Azuma, Teruo; Hyodo, Susumu; Schreck, Carl B.

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.01.008

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic regulation of GH gene expression in the pituitary is well documented also in teleost fish (Melamed et al 1998, Argenton et al 2002. Our recent study revealed that GH mRNA levels in trout leukocytes are increased by in vitro administration of cortisol (Yada et al 2005). However, regulation of GH gene expression in the fish immune system has not been fully elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…GH is now known to be produced in many immune tissues in tetrapods (Venters et al 2001, Jeay et al 2002. Distribution of GH mRNA in lymphoid tissues and leukocytes has also been demonstrated in fish, including rainbow trout (Calduch-Giner & Pérez-Sánchez 1999, Mori & Devlin 1999, Yada & Azuma 2002, Yada & Nakanishi 2002, Yada et al 2005. GH is known to stimulate phagocytosis in both mammals and fish (Edwards et al 1988, Fu et al 1991, Sakai et al 1996a, Yada & Nakanishi 2002.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cells were cultured overnight in an atmosphere of 95% O 2 /5% CO 2 at 15 C. Nonadherent cells were removed, and adherent cells (about 3 10 5 /well) were incubated in MEM with or without hormones for 4 h at 15 C. Total RNA was extracted and treated with RNase-free DNase I, and reverse transcription of RNA was carried out as described above. Real-time PCR was performed with an ABI Prism 7900HT Sequence Detection System (Applied Biosystems), as described previously (Yada et al 2005). The PCR mixture (20 µl) contained 1X TaqMan Universal PCR Master Mix (Applied Biosystems), 300 nM each forward and reverse primers, 100 nM fluorogenic probe, and standard (6 10 2 -6 10 7 copies/reaction) or template cDNA (0·04-40 ng/reaction).…”

Section: Quantification Of Sod and Gh Mrna Levels By Real-time Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fish, in vivo and in vitro administration of GH enhances specific and nonspecific immune functions, such as phagocytosis by neutrophils and macrophages (Sakai et al 1996a, Balm 1997, Yada & Nakanishi 2002, Yada et al 2004a, 2004b. Extrapituitary expression of GH gene in fish leukocytes suggests autocrine or paracrine action of GH in the modulation of immune functions (Yada & Azuma 2002, Yada & Nakanishi 2002, Yada et al 2005. Thus, ghrelin seems to be a likely candidate for modulator of the GH gene expression in the fish immune system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ghrelin stimulates phagocytosis and superoxide production in fish leukocytes

Yada¹,

Kaiya²,

Mutoh³

et al. 2006

Journal of Endocrinology

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To clarify the role of ghrelin in the fish immune system, the in vitro effect of ghrelin was examined in phagocytic leukocytes of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Administration of trout ghrelin and des-VRQ-trout ghrelin, in which three amino acids are deleted from trout ghrelin, increased superoxide production in zymosanstimulated phagocytic leukocytes from the head kidney. Gene expression of growth hormone (GH) secretagoguereceptor (GHS-R) was detected by RT-PCR in leukocytes. Pretreatment of phagocytic leukocytes with a GHS-R antagonist, [D-Lys 3 ]-GHRP-6, abolished the stimulatory effects of trout ghrelin and des-VRQ-trout ghrelin on superoxide production. Ghrelin increased mRNA levels of superoxide dismutase and GH expressed in trout phagocytic leukocytes. Immunoneutralization of GH by addition of anti-salmon GH serum to the medium blocked the stimulatory effect of ghrelin on superoxide production. These results suggest that ghrelin stimulates phagocytosis in fish leukocytes through a GHS-Rdependent pathway, and also that the effect of ghrelin is mediated, at least in part, by GH secreted by leukocytes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantification Of Sod and Gh Mrna Levels By Real-time Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ghrelin stimulates phagocytosis and superoxide production in fish leukocytes

Yada¹,

Kaiya²,

Mutoh³

et al. 2006

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Transcripts levels were normalized against b-actin. Other studies have also reported on the use of b-actin as the internal control in gene expression studies in fish (Celius et al 2000, Vong et al 2003, Yada et al 2005.…”

Section: Cell Culture Transfection and Functional Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Two alternatively spliced GPR39 transcripts in seabream: molecular cloning, genomic organization, and regulation of gene expression by metabolic signals

Zhang

Liu²,

Huang³

et al. 2008

Journal of Endocrinology

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Two GPR39 transcripts, designated as sbGPR39-1a and sbGPR39-1b, were identified in black seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli). The deduced amino acid (aa) sequence of sbGPR39-1a contains 423 residues with seven putative transmembrane (TM) domains. On the other hand, sbGPR39-1b contains 284 aa residues with only five putative TM domains. Northern blot analysis confirmed the presence of two GPR39 transcripts in the seabream intestine, stomach, and liver. Apart from seabream, the presence of two GPR39 transcripts was also found to exist in a number of teleosts (zebrafish and pufferfish) and mammals (human and mouse). Analysis of the GPR39 gene structure in different species suggests that the two GPR39 transcripts are generated by alternative splicing. When the seabream receptors were expressed in cultured HEK293 cells, Zn 2C could trigger sbGPR39-1a signaling through the serum response element pathway, but no such functionality could be detected for the sbGPR39-1b receptor. The two receptors were found to be differentially expressed in seabream tissues. sbGPR39-1a is predominantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract. On the other hand, sbGPR39-1b is widely expressed in most central and peripheral tissues except muscle and ovary. The expression of sbGPR39-1a in the intestine and the expression of sbGPR39-1b in the hypothalamus were decreased significantly during food deprivation in seabream. On the contrary, the expression of the GH secretagogue receptors (sbGHSR-1a and sbGHSR-1b) was significantly increased in the hypothalamus of the food-deprived seabream. The reciprocal regulatory patterns of expression of these two genes suggest that both of them are involved in controlling the physiological response of the organism during starvation.

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The actions of in ovo cortisol on egg fertility, embryo development and the expression of growth‐related genes in rainbow trout embryos, and the growth performance of juveniles

Bureau

King

et al. 2010

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) oocytes were incubated for 3 hr in ovarian fluid alone (CC), or cortisol-enriched ovarian fluid [100 or 1,000 ng ml(-1) (CL and CH, respectively)], after which they were fertilized; the growth and development of the embryos reared from these oocytes was monitored until first feed, and the juveniles were monitored for 9 months. The hatching rates of the CH group were significantly reduced, but the overall survival as measured at 40-week post-fertilization was similar in the three treatment groups. In addition, significant apparently biphasic changes relative to the CC group were found in the expression of some key growth-related genes in the CL and CH treatment groups, particularly IGF-1, IGF-2, GH1, GH2, GH receptors, and thyroid hormone receptors (TRα and TRβ). Moreover, the juveniles of the CL (but not the CH treatment group) exhibited enhanced growth; the enhanced growth could not be explained on the basis of increased feed conversion efficiency or changes in serum GH levels at the juvenile stage. Additionally, relative growth rates from the three treatment groups were similar, suggesting that the biphasic growth-enhancing effects of cortisol occurred very early in embryogenesis.

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Cortisol stimulates growth hormone gene expression in rainbow trout leucocytes in vitro

Cited by 27 publications

References 42 publications

Ghrelin stimulates phagocytosis and superoxide production in fish leukocytes

Ghrelin stimulates phagocytosis and superoxide production in fish leukocytes

Two alternatively spliced GPR39 transcripts in seabream: molecular cloning, genomic organization, and regulation of gene expression by metabolic signals

The actions of in ovo cortisol on egg fertility, embryo development and the expression of growth‐related genes in rainbow trout embryos, and the growth performance of juveniles

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