Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum septic arthritis secondary to intra-articular injection – a case report and literature review

Erturan, Gurhan; Holme, Harriet; Iyer, Shabnam

doi:10.1099/jmm.0.037937-0

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This bacterium has been recovered from throat cultures of healthy individuals (von Graevenitz et al , 1998) but also linked to severe respiratory infections, including severe pharyngitis (Izurieta et al , 1997), dyspnoea (Palanca et al , 2008), nosocomial or community-acquired pneumonia (Szmygin-Milanowska et al , 2003; Chudnicka et al , 2003; Martaresche et al , 1999; Chiner et al , 1999; Olender & Niemcewicz, 2010), lung exacerbations among cystic fibrosis patients (Bittar et al , 2010) and rhino-sinusal infections (Chudnicka & Kozioł-Montewka, 2003; Martins et al , 2009; Chudnicka et al , 2003). Extrapulmonary infections caused by this agent include keratitis and conjunctivitis (Li & Lal, 2000), infectious arthritis (Kemp et al , 2005), septic arthritis after intra-articular injection (Erturan et al , 2012), skin ulceration (Cantarelli et al , 2008), urinary tract infections (Chudnicka & Kozioł-Montewka, 2003) and endocarditis (Morris & Guild, 1991). Camello et al (2009) have reviewed prevalence and features of this species among infected patients at their hospital.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both reduce nitrate to nitrite but, critically, differ in urease production, with C. propinquum described as being urease-negative (Riegel et al , 1993) and C. pseudodiphtheriticum as urease-positive (Bernard & Funke, 2012). Nearly all publications cited in this review used phenotypic methods alone to identify these species, either using results from manual tube tests or by use of commercial identification panels, where the presence or absence of urease was key in assigning strains to one of CDC group ANF-3, C. propinquum or C. pseudodiphtheriticum (Hollis & Weaver, 1981; Camello et al , 2003; Chudnicka & Kozioł-Montewka, 2003; Petit et al , 1994; Saïdani et al , 2010; Martins et al , 2009; Izurieta et al , 1997; Chudnicka et al , 2003; Chiner et al , 1999; Olender & Niemcewicz, 2010; Li & Lal, 2000; Erturan et al , 2012; Cantarelli et al , 2008; Morris & Guild, 1991; Camello et al , 2009; LaRocco et al , 1987). Correct identification to species has at times been described as problematic, when genetic identification methods were done in parallel with phenotypic testing.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Emendation of the description of the species Corynebacterium propinquum to include strains which produce urease

Bernard

Pacheco

Cunningham

et al. 2013

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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Corynebacterium propinquum is a Gram-positive rod occasionally recovered from clinical infections which, according to 16S rRNA gene sequencing, is most closely related (>99 % sequence similarity) to Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum . The two species are very similar biochemically, commonly differentiated by a single test, the detection of urease, where strains of C. propinquum are described as being urease-non-producing and strains of C. pseudodiphtheriticum are described as urease-producing. In this study, historical and contemporary strains of C. propinquum and C. pseudodiphtheriticum from this laboratory were definitively characterized, which included use of rpoB sequencing. Urease-producing strains of C. propinquum as well as typical urease-non-producing isolates were identified after rpoB sequencing, with six of these being originally identified as C. pseudodiphtheriticum . Based on these observations, we propose emendation of the description of C. propinquum to include strains which produce urease. MALDI-TOF analysis may be a useful tool to differentiate these taxa. Existing commercial databases should be updated to include urease-positive strains of C. propinquum .

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emendation of the description of the species Corynebacterium propinquum to include strains which produce urease

Bernard

Pacheco

Cunningham

et al. 2013

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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“…2 Other infectious processes associated with C. pseudodiphtheriticum include infective endocarditis, 14,15 keratitis, 1 endophthalmitis, 1 skin infection, 16 urinary tract infection, 13 osteitis and septic arthritis. 13,17,18 To our knowledge, three cases of exudative pharyngitis because of C. pseudodiphtheriticum have been reported to date, as summarised in Table 2. 19 ; ‡, Izurieta et al 20 ; §, Indumathi et al 21 Despite the fact that C. pseudodiphtheriticum has traditionally been described as non-toxigenic, 22 we believe confirmation of this is advisable in view of the mechanism of transmission of diphtheria toxin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exudative pharyngitis and Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum: A case report and review of the literature

Reddy

Gericke

Rabie

et al. 2021

Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum is an established member of the normal flora of the respiratory tract. This organism is an emerging cause of respiratory tract infection, as well as infection of the skin and skin structures, urinary tract and other sterile sites. The syndrome of C. pseudodiphtheriticum exudative pharyngitis is a diagnostic challenge of particular relevance in recent times as this organism can be confused with Corynebacterium diphtheriae in the clinical setting and in the laboratory. We report a case of exudative pharyngitis, possibly due to C. pseudodiphtheriticum, in a 14-month old, incompletely vaccinated, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive infant and review the role of this organism in terms of its microbiological profile and identification, disease spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.

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“…3 Moreover, the reported incidence of postarthroscopic infection due to atypical bacterial, such as Corynebacterium species (traditionally thought of as nonpathogenic or less virulent) is not well documented. [4][5][6][7][8] A few cases of bone and joint infection due to Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum have been described in the past. 8 To the author's knowledge, the current case report is the first in the literature to report chronic osteomyelitis secondary to Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum after knee arthroscopy.…”

Section: E109mentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-stage Arthroplasty for the Treatment of Chronic Osteomyelitis After Routine Arthroscopic Knee Surgery

Moyad¹

2013

Orthopedics

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Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum is a normal inhabitant of the upper respiratory tract and is rarely thought of as a true pathogen. Although this microorganism has been associated with respiratory complications, a few case reports have demonstrated its ability to cause orthopedic infections. A recent review of the literature was performed regarding this specific bacteria and its association with bone and joint infection. To the author's knowledge, the current case is the first reported case of chronic osteomyelitis from Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum after arthroscopic knee surgery. Isolation of this bacterial species on routine microbial cultures has been proven to be challenging in prior studies. In the current case, difficulty isolating this bacterial species on routine cultures led to a significant delay in diagnosis, which ultimately resulted in end-stage joint destruction. Treatment of the infection was accomplished using a 2-stage total knee arthroplasty technique, with the initial placement of an articulated, antibiotic-loaded spacer followed by a subsequent conversion to total knee arthroplasty. This case serves as a useful reminder that clinically subtle infections can occur after minor orthopedic surgery. Surgeons must remain vigilant to render a timely diagnosis and avoid severe sequelae that can result from an undetected pathogen after arthroscopic surgery.

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Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum septic arthritis secondary to intra-articular injection – a case report and literature review

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Emendation of the description of the species Corynebacterium propinquum to include strains which produce urease

Emendation of the description of the species Corynebacterium propinquum to include strains which produce urease

Exudative pharyngitis and Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum: A case report and review of the literature

Two-stage Arthroplasty for the Treatment of Chronic Osteomyelitis After Routine Arthroscopic Knee Surgery

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