Corynebacterium sputi sp. nov., isolated from the sputum of a patient with pneumonia

Abstract

A coryneform bacterium isolated from the sputum of a patient with pneumonia was characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Chemotaxonomic investigations revealed the presence of cell-wall chemotype IV and short chain mycolic acids consistent with the genus Corynebacterium. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies confirmed this assignment, with the organism forming a hitherto unknown subline within the genus associated with a subcluster containing Corynebacterium hansenii, Corynebacterium freneyi, Corynebacterium xerosis, Corynebacterium amycolatum and Corynebacterium sphenisci. Sequence divergence values of .2.7 % from established corynebacterial species suggested that the new isolate represented a novel species. This was also supported by the results of the biochemical tests. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as a novel species of the genus Corynebacterium, Corynebacterium sputi sp. nov. (type strain IMMIB L-999 T 5DSM 45148 T 5CCUG 55795 T ).Currently the genus Corynebacterium comprises more than 80 species, a high proportion of which have been described relatively recently as a result of the use of much-improved phenotypic and molecular identification methods. Most of the newly described species of the genus Corynebacterium have been isolated from human (e.g. Funke et al., 1997aFunke et al., , 1998Renaud et al., 2001Renaud et al., , 2007Yassin et al., 2002a, b) or animal (e.g. Fernández-Garayzábal et al., 1998Goyache et al., 2003;Collins et al., 2001Collins et al., , 2004 clinical sources. During the course of the characterization of bacterial isolates encountered from clinical sources, we found a Gram-positive, rod-shaped organism which had chemotaxonomic characteristics consistent with its provisional assignment to the genus Corynebacterium. Further taxonomic and phylogenetic investigations indicated that the novel strain was different from previously described species of the genus Corynebacterium. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that this isolate, designated IMMIB L-999 T , is a novel species of the genus Corynebacterium.Strain IMMIB L-999 T was isolated from the sputum of a patient with pneumonia. Corynebacterium hansenii DSM 45109 T was obtained from the German Culture collection (DSMZ) and used as a reference strain. The novel strain was isolated on Columbia agar (Oxoid) supplemented with 5 % sheep blood after incubation at 37 u C for 48 h under aerobic conditions. It was characterized biochemically using the API Coryne, API 20 Strep and API ZYM systems according to the manufacturer's instructions (bioMérieux), except for the time of incubation. Lipid requirements were determined according to a standard procedure (Riegel et al., 1994). The isomeric form of diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan was determined according to the methods of Becker et al. (1964) and whole-cell sugars were determined by the method of Lechevalier (1968). Lipids were extracted using acid ...

Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in Corynebacterium spp. Causing Infections in People

“…Application of modern molecular biology techniques in genetic studies of unknown strains isolated from infections resulted in the detection and description of new species such as: C. singulare (Riegel etal., 1997), C. auriscanis (Collins et al, 1999), C. resistens (Otsuka et al 2005), C. imitans (Funke at al., 1997a), C. sputi (Yassin & Siering, 2008) and the reclassification of previously inaccurately determined ones, e.g. : C. cystitidis, C. pilosum (Takahashi et al, 1995).…”

New methods for isolation of keratolytic bacteria inducing intractable hoof wall cavity (<i>Gidoh</i>) in a horse; double screening procedures of the horn powder agar-translucency test and horn zymography

“…5 was identified as Corynebacterium hansenii (accession no. : AM946639) [28], as it showed 99% identity to the type strain of C. hansenii .…”

The Family Corynebacteriaceae

“…Major fatty acids are C 16:0 and C 18:1 o9c (Bernard et al 1991). Some species contain varying amounts of tuberculostearic acid (10-methyl C 18:0 ) ( > Table 12.1) which was detected in Corynebacterium ammoniagenes (Collins 1987a), Corynebacterium appendicis (Yassin et al 2002a), Corynebacterium aurimucosum (Yassin et al 2002b), Corynebacterium bovis (Funke et al 1997b), Corynebacterium confusum (Funke et al 1998a), Corynebacterium deserti (Zhou et al 2012), Corynebacterium jeikeium (Jackman et al 1987), Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii Funke et al 1997d), Corynebacterium mycetoides (Bernard et al 1991), Corynebacterium nuruki (Shin et al 2011a), Corynebacterium pilosum (Bernard et al 1991), Corynebacterium sputi (Yassin and Siering 2008), Corynebacterium stationis , Corynebacterium terpenotabidum (Takeuchi et al 1999), Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum (Feurer et al 2004), Corynebacterium urealyticum (Pitcher et al 1992), Corynebacterium ureicelerivorans (Yassin 2007), Corynebacterium variabile (Collins 1987a), and Turicella otitidis (Funke et al 1994). A remarkable variability in the G+C content of the genomic DNA of Corynebacterium species has been detected ( > Table 12.1), as the lowest value was reported for Corynebacterium kutscheri ($46 mol%) and the highest for Corynebacterium auris (74 mol%).…”

“…12.1) and probably includes not only the hitherto examined species Corynebacterium bovis (Funke et al 1997b), Corynebacterium jeikeium (Jackman et al 1987), Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii , Corynebacterium resistens (Otsuka et al 2005), and Corynebacterium urealyticum (Pitcher et al 1992) but also the other known lipophilic species Corynebacterium accolens (Neubauer et al 1991), Corynebacterium afermentans subsp. lipophilum (Riegel et al 1993a), Corynebacterium appendicis (Yassin et al 2002a), Corynebacterium aquatimens (Aravena-Román et al 2012), Corynebacterium lipophiloflavum (Funke et al 1997c), Corynebacterium macginleyi (Riegel et al 1995b), Corynebacterium mastitidis (Fernández-Garayzábal et al 1997), Corynebacterium pyruviciproducens (Tong et al 2010), Corynebacterium sputi (Yassin and Siering 2008), Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum (Feurer et al 2004), and Corynebacterium ureicelerivorans (Yassin 2007). Corynebacterium diphtheriae biotype intermedius is also regarded as a lipophilic bacterium (Funke et al 1997b) ( > Table 12.1).…”