Cosecant-squared pattern synthesis using a weighted alternating reverse projection method

Haddadi, Abolfazl; Ghorbani, Ayaz; Rashed-Mohassel, J.

doi:10.1049/iet-map.2011.0056

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In this subsection, the choosing of weighted matrix W is discussed. Similar to [15,16], we first calculate the overranging differences for different directions between the obtained pattern after the operation of P lt and the upper mask or lower mask at each iteration; that is,…”

Section: Selection Of the Weighted Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It applies the Gram-Schmidt procedure to obtain an orthonormal basis from the embedded element patterns, and then the pattern synthesis is viewed as finding the projection on a linear space spanned by this basis, which can be solved by using WLMS optimization. Recently, an efficient synthesis method called the weighted alternating reverse projection (WARP) was developed in [15,16], which combined the power of WLMS and alternating projection together by iteratively modifying the target pattern and weighting values of different directions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scalable Alternating Projection and Proximal Splitting for Array Pattern Synthesis

Han

Wan

2015

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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Array synthesis with embedded element patterns is a problem of great practical importance. In this paper, an array pattern synthesis method using scalable alternating projection and proximal splitting is proposed which considers the scaling invariance property of design specifications and constraints for the amplitudes of pattern and excitation. Under the framework of alternating projection, the scalable pattern and excitation constraint sets are first defined. Then the scalable pattern projection and iterative procedure for optimum pattern scaling factor are studied in detail. For the scalable excitation projection, it is designed as the solution to a constrained weighted least mean squares optimization, which can be solved by an effective forward-backward splitting iterative process. Finally, the selection of the weighted matrix and computational complexity are discussed briefly. Several typical linear and planar synthesis examples with or without the embedded element patterns are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and power of the proposed method.

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Section: Selection Of the Weighted Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable Alternating Projection and Proximal Splitting for Array Pattern Synthesis

Han

Wan

2015

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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show abstract

“…Alternating projection method [16] introduces upper and lower boundaries in pattern and tries to hold the realized pattern within these boundaries. The weighted alternating reverse projection (WARP) method [10,11] is a combination of weighting and modified alternating projection methods. As was shown in [12], the WARP method is applicable to synthesis of arbitrary array shapes and has better performance, compared to other methods.…”

Section: Pattern Formula Of Conformal Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, unique challenges are posed in synthesis of these arrays. There are several methods to synthesize a desired pattern in conformal arrays [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Using high-speed computers, iterative methods are commonly used for pattern synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conformal Array Pattern Synthesis Using a Hybrid WARP/2LB-MOPSO Algorithm

Baee¹,

Forooraghi

Chamaani³

2012

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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This paper addresses conformal array synthesis as a constrained multiobjective optimization problem. Simultaneous reduction of side lobe level (SLL) and cross-polarization (XPL) level is aimed with a constraint on main beam direction. A hybrid of weighted alternating reverse projection (WARP) and two local best multiobjective particle swarm optimization (2LB-MOPSO) is proposed to optimize the pattern. First, the WARP method finds a moderate and feasible solution. Second, 2LB-MOPSO begins with an initial population including the solution of WARP and penalty functions for constraint handling. Involving WARP result in the initial population of 2LB-MOPSO leads to higher convergence rate, avoiding local extermum traps and less sensitivity to penalty functions. Compared to WARP method which stagnates rapidly, the proposed hybrid method gives better SLL and XPL after adequate iterations. In addition, as 2LB-MOPSO offers a set of optimum solutions (Pareto front) instead of a single solution, this method provides more degrees of freedom in selection of proper practical arrays. Finally, to examine the mutual coupling consideration in array design, the same procedure was applied ignoring the mutual coupling between elements. The results show that the SLL and XPL strongly depend on mutual coupling.

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“…Antenna arrays with shaped patterns have many applications in radar, sonar and communication systems. The synthesis of shaped power patterns is a highly non‐linear problem, and most of shaped pattern synthesis methods can be considered as iterative optimisation techniques, such as the alternating projection method [1, 2], genetic algorithm (GA) [3–5], particle swarm optimisation (PSO) [6, 7], differential evolution algorithm [8, 9] and modified tabu search algorithm [10]. Despite the success of these techniques, they are usually time consuming since a large number of repeated calculations of the pattern of the array are required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalisation of genetic algorithm and fast Fourier transform for synthesising unequally spaced linear array shaped pattern including coupling effects

You

Liu

et al. 2017

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

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Antenna arrays with shaped patterns have drawn significant attention for their wide applications in radar, sonar and communication systems. The combination of genetic algorithm (GA) and fast Fourier transform (FFT) has been used to synthesize shaped pattern of antenna array's factor without considering coupling effects. In this work, the GA-FFT method is generalized by integrating with a new virtual active element pattern expansion (VAEPE) method which approximates each active element pattern as the radiation pattern by exciting several equally spaced virtual elements surrounding the real element position. The generalized GA-FFT can be applicable for the shaped pattern synthesis of unequally spaced linear arrays including mutual coupling and platform effect. Several synthesis examples with different pattern shapes and different antenna structures are given to demonstrate the effectiveness, accuracy and robustness of the proposed method.

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Cosecant-squared pattern synthesis using a weighted alternating reverse projection method

Cited by 28 publications

References 16 publications

Scalable Alternating Projection and Proximal Splitting for Array Pattern Synthesis

Scalable Alternating Projection and Proximal Splitting for Array Pattern Synthesis

Conformal Array Pattern Synthesis Using a Hybrid WARP/2LB-MOPSO Algorithm

Generalisation of genetic algorithm and fast Fourier transform for synthesising unequally spaced linear array shaped pattern including coupling effects

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