Coseismic displacement and tectonic implication of 1951 Longitudinal Valley earthquake sequence, eastern Taiwan

Lee, Yuan Hsi; Chen, Guin Ting; Rau, R.; Ching, Kuo En

doi:10.1029/2007jb005180

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It is worth noticing that the high slip rate of ∼43 mm/yr on the Longitudinal Valley fault between the Taitung city and Juishi township (20 in Figure 9 and Table 1) is responsible for the full arc‐continent collision of Taiwan orogeny, defined by geological investigations [ Huang et al , 2000] (Figure 10a). The azimuth change of the long‐term slip rate (20 in Figure 9) is entirely in agreement with the slip pattern during the 1951 M7.3 Longitudinal Valley earthquake sequence [ Cheng et al , 1996; Lee et al , 2008; Chung et al , 2008]. …”

Section: Tectonic Implications Of Block Modelingsupporting

confidence: 76%

Present-day kinematics of active mountain building in Taiwan from GPS observations during 1995–2005

Ching¹,

Rau²,

Johnson³

et al. 2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] We characterize the kinematics of modern crustal deformation in Taiwan and evaluate the potential for large earthquakes by computing tectonic block motions and fault slip rates from 531 GPS horizontal velocities. These new GPS velocity field indicates that lateral extrusion in the southern transition from collision to subduction is primarily achieved by motion along several major reverse faults and internal distortion of blocks. The northern transition is characterized by asymmetric opening of the Okinawa trough and collision-induced rotation between the Ryukyu trench and Okinawa trough. We suggest that the differences in style of deformation in northern and southern Taiwan are a result of differences in trenchward motions between the overriding plate and forearc sliver. Along-strike variations in basin thickness and the presence of foreland basement obstacles in central Taiwan result in clockwise rotation with sinistral motion on faults and counterclockwise rotation with dextral motion on faults north and south of the obstacle, respectively. In eastern Taiwan, high slip rate of ∼43 mm/yr on the southern Longitudinal Valley fault (LVF) is responsible for the full collision of Taiwan orogeny. E-W syn-orogenic extension in the southern Central Range has been inferred by our model. Patches with high slip rate deficits on the LVF and the Chelungpu fault from our model, respectively, mainly correspond to the source areas of the 1951 M 7.1 Longitudinal Valley earthquake sequence and of the 1999 M w 7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake.

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Section: Tectonic Implications Of Block Modelingsupporting

confidence: 76%

Present-day kinematics of active mountain building in Taiwan from GPS observations during 1995–2005

Ching¹,

Rau²,

Johnson³

et al. 2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Furthermore, coseismic slip at the ground surface may be less than slip at depth [e.g., Fialko et al , 2005]. Lee et al [2008] used the triangulation and GPS data to estimate the coseismic fault slip of 1951 earthquakes. Their inversion result shows the huge variation of coseismic fault slip along the fault strike from about 2.5 m in the south to about 20 m in the north.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into active tectonics of eastern Taiwan from analyses of geodetic and geologic data

Huang¹,

Johnson²,

Fukuda³

et al. 2010

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] About 50 mm/yr of convergence between the Philippine Sea and Eurasian plates is absorbed in eastern Taiwan, and it remains unclear how the convergence is partitioned among active faults. The Longitudinal Valley fault (LVF), the most seismically active fault in eastern Taiwan, creeps at the surface in the south and not in the north; however, it is unclear how much of the fault is locked or creeping at depth. To address these problems, we model Holocene and interseismic deformation of elastic lithospheric blocks moving over a viscoelastic asthenosphere in eastern Taiwan. Through a fully probabilistic scheme, we invert GPS, interferometric synthetic aperture radar, creepmeter, and Holocene marine terrace data for block motions, fault slip rates, and distribution of interseismic creep. The data are explained with four blocks separated by three faults, Central Range fault, LVF, and an offshore fault. The model explains the essential features of interseismic and Holocene deformation. We find that 35-55 mm/yr of slip on the offshore fault is necessary to fit marine terrace uplift rates, which is a larger fraction of the plate convergence than previously recognized. The LVF has a Holocene slip rate of 20-30 mm/yr with approximately equal magnitudes of reverse-slip and left-lateral strike-slip components. Only about half of the surface area of the Longitudinal Valley fault appears to be locked. The southern segment of the LVF creeps at a rate of 5-28 mm/yr down to a depth of 15-20 km, while the northern segment is locked from the surface to a depth of 20 km.

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“…In E-W seismic and tomographic profiles across offshore southern Taiwan, several workers have suggested sinistral slip on steeply dipping N-S striking faults, for example, along the western margin of the basin south of the Longitudinal Valley [Cheng, 2009;Huang et al, 2006;Malavieille et al, 2002]. These have been correlated northward along the margin with on-land faults, e.g., the Longitudinal Valley Fault [Cheng, 2009] which coseismic GPS data suggest records sinistral oblique thrusting [Lee et al, 2008]. Notably, Fuh et al [1997, and references therein] argued for an active strike-slip fault centered on the Luzon volcanic arc accommodating sinistral slip.…”

Section: Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The crustal architecture and kinematics that our findings support have implications for understanding the evolution of the suture zone marked by the Longitudinal Valley and the collided arc marked by the Coastal Range. More specifically, they provide context for interpreting high strain in the Lichi mélange (see Figure 1) [Chang et al, 2000[Chang et al, , 2001Page and Suppe, 1981], the provenance of sedimentary rocks exposed in the Coastal Range [Dorsey, 1992;Dorsey et al, 1988], the kinematics of active fault zones south of Taiwan [Chung et al, 2008;Lee et al, 2008], and the fate of fore-arc crust in the Taiwan suture zone [Shyu et al, 2006].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismogenic strain across the transition from fore‐arc slivering to collision in southern Taiwan

2015

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Tectonic slivers have profound implications on the mechanical behavior of fore arcs and subduction zones. Southern Taiwan is characterized by precollision fore‐arc slivering that likely exerts important controls on the evolution of collision. Inversion of focal mechanism solutions for seismogenic strain reveals spatially partitioned plate motion south of Taiwan, with dip‐slip faulting nearer the Manila trench and strike‐slip faulting nearer the Luzon arc. To the north these kinematics are less clearly segregated, and both types of faults appear to occur in the same volume of crust. Further north deformation is dominated by oblique slip on potentially reactivated steep reverse faults in the collision zone. Existing work on the active fault zones in Taiwan suggests that the subduction‐to‐collision transition is marked by a releasing step between the strike‐slip fault that bounds the fore‐arc sliver and the oblique thrusts of the collision zone. This configuration may help to explain the lack of fore‐arc basement and cover exposed in the suture zone marked by the Longitudinal Valley.

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Coseismic displacement and tectonic implication of 1951 Longitudinal Valley earthquake sequence, eastern Taiwan

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

Present-day kinematics of active mountain building in Taiwan from GPS observations during 1995–2005

Present-day kinematics of active mountain building in Taiwan from GPS observations during 1995–2005

Insights into active tectonics of eastern Taiwan from analyses of geodetic and geologic data

Seismogenic strain across the transition from fore‐arc slivering to collision in southern Taiwan

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