Cosmic ray Monte Carlo: A global fitting method in studying the properties of the new sources of cosmic<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo>±</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math>excesses

Liu, Jie; Yuan, Qiang; Bi, Xiao-Jun; Li, Hong; Zhang, Xinmin

doi:10.1103/physrevd.85.043507

Cited by 56 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) interface to v.56 of GALPROP was adapted from CosRayMC (Liu et al 2012) and, in general, from the COSMOMC package (Lewis & Bridle 2002). An iterative procedure was developed that calculates LIS with GALPROP, passing the results to HELMOD to produce the modulated spectra for specific time periods for comparison with the AMS-02 data, which are the observational constraints.…”

Section: Interstellar Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

HelMod in the Works: From Direct Observations to the Local Interstellar Spectrum of Cosmic-Ray Electrons

Boschini

Torre

Gervasi

et al. 2018

ApJ

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The local interstellar spectrum (LIS) of cosmic-ray (CR) electrons for the energy range 1 MeV to 1 TeV is derived using the most recent experimental results combined with the state-of-the-art models for CR propagation in the Galaxy and in the heliosphere. Two propagation packages, GALPROP and HELMOD, are combined to provide a single framework that is run to reproduce direct measurements of CR species at different modulation levels, and at both polarities of the solar magnetic field. An iterative maximum-likelihood method is developed that uses GALPROP-predicted LIS as input to HELMOD, which provides the modulated spectra for specific time periods of the selected experiments for model-data comparison. The optimized HelMod parameters are then used to adjust GALPROP parameters to predict a refined LIS with the procedure repeated subject to a convergence criterion. The parameter optimization uses an extensive data set of proton spectra from 1997 to 2015. The proposed CR electron LIS accommodates both the low-energy interstellar spectra measured by Voyager 1 as well as the high-energy observations by PAMELA and AMS-02 that are made deep in the heliosphere; it also accounts for Ulysses counting rate features measured out of the ecliptic plane. The interstellar and heliospheric propagation parameters derived in this study agree well with our earlier results for CR protons, helium nuclei, and anti-protons propagation and LIS obtained in the same framework.

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Section: Interstellar Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

HelMod in the Works: From Direct Observations to the Local Interstellar Spectrum of Cosmic-Ray Electrons

Boschini

Torre

Gervasi

et al. 2018

ApJ

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“…We have developed a tool, CosRayMC, through embeding the CR propagation code in the MCMC sampler [27], which have already been applied to the study of the CR lepton excesses [28][29][30][31][32][33]. In light of the newly reported CR nuclei and B/C data by PAMELA and AMS-02, we apply this tool to revisit the CR propagation and constrain the propagation parameters in this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation of cosmic rays in the AMS-02 era

et al. 2017

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In this work we use the newly reported Boron-to-Carbon ratio (B/C) from AMS-02 and the time-dependent proton fluxes from PAMELA and AMS-02 to constrain the source and propagation parameters of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. A linear correlation of the solar modulation parameter with solar activities is assumed to account for the time-varying cosmic ray fluxes. A comprehensive set of propagation models, with/without reacceleration or convection, have been discussed and compared. We find that only the models with reacceleration can selfconsistently fit both the proton and B/C data. The rigidity dependence slope of the diffusion coefficient, δ, is found to be about 0.38 − 0.50 for the diffusion-reacceleration models. The plain diffusion and diffusionconvection models fit the data poorly. We compare different model predictions of the positron and antiproton fluxes with the data. We find that the diffusion-reacceleration models over-produce low energy positrons, while non-reacceleration models give better fit to the data. As for antiprotons, reacceleration models tend to underpredict low energy antiproton fluxes, unless a phenomenological modification of the velocity-dependence of the diffusion coefficient is applied. Our results suggest that there could be important differences of the propagation for nuclei and leptons, in either the Milky Way or the solar heliosphere.PACS numbers: 95.35.+d,96.50.S-

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“…We have developed a global fitting tool, CosRayMC, which incorporates GALPROP into the MCMC sampler [34], enabling efficient survey of the highdimensional parameter space of the CR propagation [35,36]. Once the background parameters are obtained, the secondary production of antiprotons can be obtained, as shown in Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Possible Dark Matter Annihilation Signal in the AMS-02 Antiproton Data

et al. 2017

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Using the latest AMS-02 cosmic ray antiproton flux data, we search for potential dark matter annihilation signal. The background parameters about the propagation, source injection, and solar modulation are not assumed a priori, but based on the results inferred from the recent B/C ratio and proton data measurements instead. The possible dark matter signal is incorporated into the model self-consistently under a Bayesian framework. Compared with the astrophysical background only hypothesis, we find that a dark matter signal is favored. The rest mass of the dark matter particles is ∼ 20 − 80 GeV and the velocity-averaged hadronic annihilation cross section is about (0.2 − 5) × 10 −26 cm 3 s −1 , in agreement with that needed to account for the Galactic center GeV excess and/or the weak GeV emission from dwarf spheroidal galaxies Reticulum 2 and Tucana III. Tight constraints on the dark matter annihilation models are also set in a wide mass region. PACS numbers: 95.35.+d,Introduction -The precise measurements of cosmic ray (CR) anti-particle spectra by space-borne instruments, such as PAMELA and AMS-02, provide very good sensitivity to probe the particle dark matter (DM) annihilation or decay in the Milky Way. The CR antiprotons, primarily come from the inelastic collisions between the CR protons (and Helium) and the interstellar medium (ISM), are effective to constrain the DM models [1][2][3]. Recent observations of the antiproton fluxes [4][5][6] are largely consistent with the expectation from the CR propagation model, leaving very limited room for the annihilation or decay of DM [2,[7][8][9][10].There are several sources of uncertainties in using antiprotons to constrain DM models. The largest uncertainty may come from the propagation parameters. Usually the secondary-to-primary ratio of CR nuclei, such as the Boronto-Carbon ratio (B/C), and the radioactive-to-stable isotope ratio of secondary nuclei, such as the Beryllium isotope ratio 10 Be/ 9 Be, are used to determine the propagation parameters [11,12]. Limited by the data quality, the constraints on the propagation parameters are loose [13,14]. Even the effect on the background antiproton flux due to uncertainties of propagation parameters is moderate, the flux from the DM component depends sensitively on propagation parameters [15]. Additional uncertainties include the injection spectrum of the CR nuclei, solar modulation, and hadronic interaction models [8]. Those uncertainties make the DM searches with antiprotons inconclusive [16,17].Given the new measurements of the proton, Helium, and B/C data by , improved constraints on the propagation and source injection parameters can be obtained through global Bayesian approaches [22][23][24][25]. With these data, we conduct a global study to determine the propagation, injection, and solar modulation parameters si- * The corresponding author: yuanq@pmo.ac.cn † The corresponding author: yzfan@pmo.ac.cn multaneously using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method [26]. These "background" parameters and their like...

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Cosmic ray Monte Carlo: A global fitting method in studying the properties of the new sources of cosmice±excesses

Cited by 56 publications

References 84 publications

HelMod in the Works: From Direct Observations to the Local Interstellar Spectrum of Cosmic-Ray Electrons

HelMod in the Works: From Direct Observations to the Local Interstellar Spectrum of Cosmic-Ray Electrons

Propagation of cosmic rays in the AMS-02 era

Possible Dark Matter Annihilation Signal in the AMS-02 Antiproton Data

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