Cosmic ray spectrum and composition from PeV to EeV using 3 years of data from IceTop and IceCube

Cosmic ray spectrum from 250 TeV to 10 PeV using IceTop

“…Data collected by IceTop are primarily used to measure the cosmic-ray energy spectrum [18,19,24,25], to study the mass composition of primary particles [19], and to calibrate the IceCube detector [26]. Reference [19] describes an analysis using 3 years of data (henceforth referred to as "the 3-year IceTop analysis"). IceTop has also been used in searches for PeV gamma rays [27,28], solar ground level enhancements [29], and solar flares [29].…”

“…In the zenith region of interest (cos θ ≥ 0.9, about θ < 26°), there are approximately 24,000 events in each bin of 0.1 log 10 ðE=GeVÞ. Sibyll2.1 is used as the base hadronic interaction model for this analysis so that we can compare the final energy spectrum with the energy spectrum from the 3-year IceTop analysis [19]. CORSIKA showers with QGSJetII-04 as hadronic interaction model are also produced with 10% of the statistics compared to that of Sibyll2.1 for a comparative study, to be described in Sec.…”

“…The IceTop energy spectrum thus far covers an energy region from 2 PeV to 1 EeV [18,19]. The goal of this analysis is to lower the energy threshold of IceTop to reduce the gap with direct measurements.…”

Cosmic-Ray Database Update: Ultra-High Energy, Ultra-Heavy, and Antinuclei Cosmic-Ray Data (CRDB v4.0)

“…CR experiments based on direct detection have recently shown a spectral feature in several species at a few hundreds of GV [13][14][15]. Other spectral features have been observed at higher energies: the knee (at a few PeV), the ankle (around 5 EeV), and the toe (flux suppression above 100 EeV); a fainter second knee around 200 PeV was also observed more recently [16]. These features were observed with ground-based indirect CR experiments (KASCADE-Grande, Pierre Auger Observatory, Telescope Array, IceCube, TUNKA, and many more), which do not resolve CR species individually.…”

“…This is the main interface to select, extract and plot data, displaying also some meta-data (sub-exp names, links and BIBT E X references for publications matching the selection), with the possibility to save the outputs in different formats (images, ASCII files, etc.). The web page consists of a selection box allowing to choose a CR quantity (numerator and denominator) and to display all native and combined data (see Appendix A.1) 16 -for caution about the usage of overlapping data taking periods for data from the same experiment, we refer the reader to Appendix A.5. More selection criteria allow to ask for matching sub-exp (partial or full) names, specific dates and energy range, and flux rescaling with energy.…”