Cost benefit analysis of three different urban bus drive systems using real driving data

Gerbec, Marko; Samuel, Roman Oprešnik; Kontić, Davor

doi:10.1016/j.trd.2015.10.015

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Fuel consumption is the main direct cost element of urban transit fleet operation [8]. Options that can reduce direct and external costs of road transport are therefore of importance [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-World Measurement of Hybrid Buses’ Fuel Consumption and Pollutant Emissions in a Metropolitan Urban Road Network

et al. 2018

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This study investigates pollutant emissions and fuel consumption of six Euro VI hybrid-diesel public transport buses operating on different scheduled routes in a metropolitan urban road network. Portable emission measurement systems (PEMS) are used in measurements and results are compared to those obtained from a paired number of Euro V conventional buses of the same body type used as control over the same routes. The selected routes vary from urban to highway driving and the experimentation was conducted over the first half of 2015. The available emissions data correspond to a wide range of driving, operating, and ambient conditions. Fuel consumption, distance- and energy-based emission levels are derived and presented in a comparative manner. The effect of different factors, including speed, ambient temperature, and road grade on fuel consumption and emissions performance is investigated. Mean fuel consumption of hybrid buses was found 6.1% lower than conventional ones, from 20% lower up to 16% higher, over six routes tested in total. The mean route difference between the two technologies was not statistically significant. Air conditioning decreased consumption benefits of the hybrid buses. Decrease of the mean route speed from 15 km h−1 tο 8 km h−1 increased the hybrid buses consumption by 63%. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions of the Euro VI hybrid buses were 93 ± 5% lower than conventional Euro V ones. Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from hybrid Euro VI buses made up 5.9% of total greenhouse gas emissions and largely offset carbon dioxide (CO2) benefits. The results suggest that hybrid urban buses need to be assessed under realistic operation and environmental conditions to assess their true environmental and fuel consumption benefits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-World Measurement of Hybrid Buses’ Fuel Consumption and Pollutant Emissions in a Metropolitan Urban Road Network

et al. 2018

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“…Specific emission factors are needed to be used for calculating the external cost of the emission components derived the bus Diesel-engine. These factors have been taken from different research studies [17][18][19][20][21] composed on this field. Table 2 shows the selected and used cost factors connected to the different emission components.…”

Section: Cost Data Calculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Evaluation of Renewable Fuels through Pollutants Derived from Internal Combustion Engine

Szabados¹,

Bereczky²

2018

Period. Polytech. Mech. Eng.

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Renewable fuels cannot be evaluated clearly as a part of sustainability from their air pollution point of view. A comparison test series have been conducted and from their results external cost has been calculated. Three different fuels and their controlled blends have been investigated, which are the fossil diesel, conventional, standardized biodiesel, and a new type, so called TBK-biodiesel. Fuels have been investigated in a bus Diesel-engine, which operated in steady state points. Air pollution components like CO2, CO, HC, NOx and particulate have been taken into consideration for the calculation. The calculation method is a self-made one. On the basis of the results it can be stated that the overall external costs are higher in all cases of engine operating if renewable fuel is blended in the tested fuel.

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“…The presented framing of this study is relatively new and adds to the emerging body of the literature on environmental and economic implications of the types of urban bus drive systems. The literature review identified studies on case-related modelling of emissions, such as modelling the fuel consumption and pollutant emissions of the urban bus fleet of the city of Madrid [López-Martínez et al 2017], or in the city of Stockholm [Xylia M. et al 2019] or cost benefit analysis of three different urban bus drive systems [Gerbec et al 2015] concerning CNG, hydraulic hybrid buses and conventional (diesel) buses. Also, Muñoz et al [Muñoz et al 2022] presented a comparative analysis of the cost, emissions, and fuel consumption of diesel, natural gas, electric, and hydrogen urban buses, showcasing an integrated index composed of three indices that measure well-to-wheel energy use, global warming potential in terms of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions, and total cost of ownership, applied to the case of Argentina.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecologically preferred types of drive systems for city buses—the context of the Polish energy mix

Dubel,

Trela

2023

Environmental Protection and Natural Resources

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The energy mix determines the external costs of transport and the benefits from investments in the drive systems perceived as more environmentally friendly, such as electric vehicles. The aim of this article was to present a methodology to determine the environmentally preferable urban bus drive systems (electric, hydrogen, CNG, hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and diesel) depending on CO2 emission factors related to the production of electricity in a given country. The developed methodology was exemplified by the Polish energy system. The results indicate the environmentally preferable types of urban bus drive systems, taking into account vehicle exploitation. The results obtained can inform the decision-making process and, in particular, enable state administrations in EU countries to define a support mechanism for public transport (e.g., through subsidies) that is appropriate to the environmental benefits of operating particular types of vehicles under country-specific energy mix conditions.

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Cost benefit analysis of three different urban bus drive systems using real driving data

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Real-World Measurement of Hybrid Buses’ Fuel Consumption and Pollutant Emissions in a Metropolitan Urban Road Network

Real-World Measurement of Hybrid Buses’ Fuel Consumption and Pollutant Emissions in a Metropolitan Urban Road Network

Economic Evaluation of Renewable Fuels through Pollutants Derived from Internal Combustion Engine

Ecologically preferred types of drive systems for city buses—the context of the Polish energy mix

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