Cost-Effective and Portable Instrumentation to Enable Accurate pH Measurements for Global Industry 4.0 and Vertical Farming Applications

Hinojosa-Meza, Rolando; Olvera-González, Ernesto; Escalante, Nivia; Dena-Aguilar, José Alonso; Rivera, Martín Montes; Vacas-Jacques, Paulino

doi:10.3390/app12147038

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 43 publications

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“…The efficient and cost-effective control of these operations is made possible by accurate pH assessment, assuring optimal performance and reducing environmental impact. Researchers, businesses, and conservationists can use pH detection as a useful scientific tool in a variety of disciplines to obtain knowledge, make choices, and address problems with productivity, sustainability, and health [2,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. As technology continues to progress, pH sensors are becoming more advanced, accurate, and user-friendly, allowing for more precise and real-time monitoring of pH levels in various applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical-Vapor-Deposited Metal Oxide Thin Films for pH Sensing Applications: Last Decade of Research Progress

Nur-E-Alam,

Maurya,

Yap

et al. 2023

Sensors

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In the last several decades, metal oxide thin films have attracted significant attention for the development of various existing and emerging technological applications, including pH sensors. The mandate for consistent and precise pH sensing techniques has been increasing across various fields, including environmental monitoring, biotechnology, food and agricultural industries, and medical diagnostics. Metal oxide thin films grown using physical vapor deposition (PVD) with precise control over film thickness, composition, and morphology are beneficial for pH sensing applications such as enhancing pH sensitivity and stability, quicker response, repeatability, and compatibility with miniaturization. Various PVD techniques, including sputtering, evaporation, and ion beam deposition, used to fabricate thin films for tailoring materials’ properties for the advanced design and development of high-performing pH sensors, have been explored worldwide by many research groups. In addition, various thin film materials have also been investigated, including metal oxides, nitrides, and nanostructured films, to make very robust pH sensing electrodes with higher pH sensing performance. The development of novel materials and structures has enabled higher sensitivity, improved selectivity, and enhanced durability in harsh pH environments. The last decade has witnessed significant advancements in PVD thin films for pH sensing applications. The combination of precise film deposition techniques, novel materials, and surface functionalization strategies has led to improved pH sensing performance, making PVD thin films a promising choice for future pH sensing technologies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical-Vapor-Deposited Metal Oxide Thin Films for pH Sensing Applications: Last Decade of Research Progress

Nur-E-Alam,

Maurya,

Yap

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Comparative analysis of RNN versus IIR digital filtering to optimize resilience to dynamic perturbations in pH sensing for vertical farming

Hinojosa‐Meza,

Rivera,

Vacas‐Jacques

et al. 2024

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Vertical farming (VF) refers to systems of agriculture where crops are grown in trays stacked vertically by exposing them to artificial light and using sensing technology to improve product quality and yield. In this work, we propose an advanced filtering scheme based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and deep learning to enable efficient control strategies for VF applications. We demonstrate that the best RNN model incorporates five neuron layers, with the first and second containing 90 long short‐term memory neurons. The third layer implements one gated recurrent units neuron. The fourth segment incorporates one RNN network, while the output layer is designed by using a single neuron exhibiting a rectified linear activation function. By utilizing this RNN digital filter, we introduce two variations: (1) a scaled RNN model to tune the filter to the signal of interest, and (2) a moving average filter to eliminate harmonic oscillations of the output waveforms. The RNN models are contrasted with conventional digital Butterworth, Chebyshev I, Chebyshev II, and elliptic infinite impulse response (IIR) configurations. The RNN digital filtering schemes avoid introducing unwanted oscillations, which makes them more suitable for VF than their IIR counterparts. Finally, by utilizing the advanced features of scaling of the RNN model, we demonstrate that the RNN digital filter can be pH selective, as opposed to conventional IIR filters.

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Innovations for Interpretability, Flexibility, and Sustainability in Intelligent Machinery and Industry 4.0

Trappey

Lee

2023

Applied Sciences

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Cost-Effective and Portable Instrumentation to Enable Accurate pH Measurements for Global Industry 4.0 and Vertical Farming Applications

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

Physical-Vapor-Deposited Metal Oxide Thin Films for pH Sensing Applications: Last Decade of Research Progress

Physical-Vapor-Deposited Metal Oxide Thin Films for pH Sensing Applications: Last Decade of Research Progress

Comparative analysis of RNN versus IIR digital filtering to optimize resilience to dynamic perturbations in pH sensing for vertical farming

Innovations for Interpretability, Flexibility, and Sustainability in Intelligent Machinery and Industry 4.0

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