Cost-effective control of SO2 emissions in Asia

Cofała, J.; Amann, Markus; Gyárfáš, F.; Schoepp, W.; Boudri, J.C.; Hordijk, L.; Kroeze, Carolien; Li, Junfeng; Lin, Dai; Panwar, T. S.; Gupta, Sangeeta

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.04.009

Cited by 55 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For Russia, the national energy strategy developed by the Russian Ministry of Industry and Energy (MTE, 2003), been introduced into RAINS and extended until 2030 by Popov (2003). Projections for Asia have been extracted from the recent RAINSAsia database (Boudri et al, 2002;Cofala et al, 2004), including information on countries, regions and mega-cities. Especially in India large increases in transport and energy demand are predicted.…”

Section: A2 Projections Of Activity Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of air pollutant and methane emission controls on tropospheric ozone and radiative forcing: CTM calculations for the period 1990-2030

Dentener¹,

et al. 2005

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Section: A2 Projections Of Activity Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of air pollutant and methane emission controls on tropospheric ozone and radiative forcing: CTM calculations for the period 1990-2030

Dentener¹,

et al. 2005

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“…Figure 4 showed that with ESH, 100% and 95.8% of A-SO 2 disappearances were achieved at 30 min for the 1.0 mM A-SO 2 and 1.5 mM A-SO 2 solutions, respectively. Following the oxidation reaction, SO 4 2-concentrations were detected, and the results as listed in Table 1 indicated that 95.0% and 88.0% of the A-SO 2 were converted to SO 4 2-ions. By contrast without SH, only 70.7% of the 1.0 mM A-SO 2 and 60.9% of the 1.5 mM A-SO 2 disappeared after 30 min, and the SO 4 2-concentrations in the reacted solution were significantly lower than those with ESH (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After Step I, SO 4 2-concentrations were measured. After Step II, H + , Na + , and SO 4 2-concentrations were measured.…”

Section: Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemically-Driven and Green Conversion of SO2 to NaHSO4 in Aqueous Solution

Liu¹,

Wang²,

Liu³

2012

Green Chemistry - Environmentally Benign Approaches

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“…The emission of SO x in brick making has received considerable attention (Wilson and Johnson 1975;Amison, 1992;Junge, 1992;Hofer, 1994). Presently, SO 2 is the main issue pertaining to air pollution problems in developing countries, where it contributes both to urban pollution and to regional acid depositions (Cofala et al, 2004). Among man-made sources, coal in stationary sources accounts for 74%, industries 22% and transportation 2% of the total SO x (De, 2012).…”

Section: Sources Of Air Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brick kiln emissions and its environmental impact: A Review

Skinder¹,

Sheikh²,

Pandit³

et al. 2014

J. Ecol. Nat. Environ.

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Brick manufacturing is the fastest-growing industrial sector in many countries (like china, India, Bangladesh and Pakistan) and among the top three sectors, along with vehicle exhaust and resuspended road dust, contributing to the air pollution and health problems in Dhaka (Bangladesh). The total emissions from the brick manufacturing in the Greater Dhaka region, to produce 3.5 billion bricks per year has been estimated about 23,300 tons of particulate matter having aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ), 15,500 tons of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), 302,000 tons of carbon monoxide (CO), 6,000 tons of black carbon (BC) and 1.8 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) . Emission of individual air pollutant from brick kilns varied significantly during a firing batch (seven days) and between kilns. Average emission factors per 1,000 bricks were 6.35 to 12.3 kg of CO, 0.52 to 5.9 kg of SO 2 and 0.64 to 1.4 kg of particulate matter (PM). Presently sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ), oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) are the main issue pertaining to air pollution problems in developing countries, where it contributes both to urban pollution and to regional acid depositions. Among man-made sources, coal combustion in stationary sources accounts for 74%, industries 22% and transportation 2% of the total oxides of sulphur (SO x ) . and it is considered that SO 2 is the chief emission in brick production. On an international basis, 75 to 85% of SO 2 emissions are the result of fossil fuel burning. It is predictable that just about 93% of the global SO 2 emissions are emitted in the northern hemisphere. It has been revealed that biomass is responsible for the emission of both trace and non trace gases such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) from traditional brick industries and lots of toxic fumes containing suspended particulate matters rich in carbon particles and high concentration of CO and SO x get produced. Studies have shown the average value of particulate matter of size less than ten microns and total suspend particles for the preoperation time of brick kilns was 0.029 and 0.033 mg/m³, respectively whereas, it reached 0.050 and 0.056 mg/m³, respectively during the brick kiln operation time. Similarly, recent studies on brick kilns in District Budgam of Kashmir valley (India) have shown some major negative impacts on the environment in respect of air quality, human health and vegetation in particular.

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Cost-effective control of SO2 emissions in Asia

Cited by 55 publications

References 16 publications

The impact of air pollutant and methane emission controls on tropospheric ozone and radiative forcing: CTM calculations for the period 1990-2030

The impact of air pollutant and methane emission controls on tropospheric ozone and radiative forcing: CTM calculations for the period 1990-2030

Electrochemically-Driven and Green Conversion of SO2 to NaHSO4 in Aqueous Solution

Brick kiln emissions and its environmental impact: A Review

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