Cost-effective hybrid RF/FSO backhaul solution for next generation wireless systems

Dahrouj, Hayssam; Douik, Ahmed; Rayal, Frank; Al-Naffouri, Tareq Y.; Alouini, Mohamed‐Slim

doi:10.1109/mwc.2015.7306543

Cited by 131 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…R,i is modelled as Rayleigh distribution [1], [27]. In addition, the transmitted RF power at the source and the relays are considered to be equal, i.e., P S R = P R R = P R .…”

Section: Numerical Results Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…R,i is associated with the specific distance between the source (relay) and relay (destination) and the fading coefficient h (t) R,i can be described by distinct models such as Rayleigh, Rician or Nakagami-m fading in different application scenarios [1], [19], [32].…”

Section: ) Fso Linkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could be any type of RF link: if sub-6 GHz RF link is used the cost of licensing is high; whereas if high-frequency line-of-sight RF link is used the link itself is costly[1]). …”

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confidence: 99%

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Game-Theoretic Spectrum Trading in RF Relay-Assisted Free-Space Optical Communications

Huang

Shah-Mansouri

Safari

2019

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

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This work proposes a novel hybrid RF/FSO system based on a game theoretic spectrum trading process. It is assumed that no RF spectrum is preallocated to the FSO link and only when the link availability is severely impaired by the infrequent adverse weather conditions, i.e. fog, etc., the source can borrow a portion of licensed RF spectrum from one of the surrounding RF nodes. Using the leased spectrum, the source establishes a dual-hop RF/FSO hybrid link to maintain its throughout to the destination. The proposed system is considered to be both spectrum-and power-efficient. A marketequilibrium-based pricing process is proposed for the spectrum trading between the source and RF nodes.Through extensive performance analysis, it is demonstrated that the proposed scheme can significantly improve the average capacity of the system, especially when the surrounding RF nodes are with low traffic loads. In addition, the system benefits from involving more RF nodes into the spectrum trading process by means of diversity, particularly when the surrounding RF nodes have high probability of being in heavy traffic loads. Furthermore, the application of the proposed system in a realistic scenario is presented based on the weather statistics in the city of Edinburgh, UK. It is demonstrated that the proposed system can substantially enhance the link availability towards the carrier-class requirement. Index TermsFree-space optical communication, hybrid RF/FSO link, spectrum trading, market equilibrium.S. Huang and M. Safari are with the School

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“…R,i is modelled as Rayleigh distribution [1], [27]. In addition, the transmitted RF power at the source and the relays are considered to be equal, i.e., P S R = P R R = P R .…”

Section: Numerical Results Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Fso Linkmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Game-Theoretic Spectrum Trading in RF Relay-Assisted Free-Space Optical Communications

Huang

Shah-Mansouri

Safari

2019

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

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“…However, quality of service (QoS) requirements to the air-to-ground communications are not considered in these works. Motivated by the aforementioned FSOC-based vertical backhaul framework [5] and the Facebook's Aquila project, we consider the FSOC-enabled backhaul network with the help of UAV, which can offer data rates higher than the baseline alternatives, and thus can be considered as a promising solution to the emerging wireless backhauling as discussed in [22]. In our previous paper, we have discussed roughly the UAV-mounted FSOC system and solved the energy efficiency optimization problem in [23].…”

Section: B Motivation and Major Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A UAV-Mounted Free Space Optical Communication: Trajectory Optimization for Flight Time

Lee

Park

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

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In this work, we address the trajectory optimization of a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) using free space optical communication (FSOC). Here, we focus on maximizing the flight time of the UAV by considering practical constraints for wireless UAV communication, including limited propulsion energy and required data rates. We find optimized trajectories in various atmospheric environments (e.g., moderate-fog and heavy-fog conditions), while also considering the channel characteristics of FSOC. In addition to maximizing the flight time, we consider the energy efficiency maximization and operation-time minimization problem to find the suboptimal solutions required to meet those constraints.Furthermore, we introduce a low-complexity approach to the proposed framework. In order to address the optimization problem, we conduct a bisection method and sequential programming and introduce a new feasibility check algorithm. Although our design considers suboptimal solutions owing to the nonconvexity of the problems, our simulations indicate that the proposed scheme exhibits a gain of approximately 44.12% in terms of service time when compared to the conventional scheme. Free space optical communication (FSOC), wireless communications with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), UAV-mounted FSOC, flight time maximization, trajectory design. I. INTRODUCTION Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have attracted a great deal of attention in the area of wireless communication networks. Owing to their mobility and flexibility, UAVs can be dispatched as a mobile entity in a network. It can provide new opportunities in various communication applications and have the capability to complement conventional fixed networks. UAV-assisted communications can efficiently support already existing terrestrial communication infrastructure, including data offloading at a hot spot [1], [2]. For example, in case of a catastrophic event, UAV-mounted infrastructures can temporarily support service recovery initiatives and local interim communication facilities for potentially damaged infrastructures [3]. In addition, UAV-assisted relaying can help to extend base station connectivity, from one station to another, in situations where the nodes are widely scattered and/or obstacles such as hills or large buildings are present [4].Principally, we envision that most future networks will be highly user-centric, increasing the user demand information due to an exponential increase in the internet of things (IoT), fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks, and beyond-5G wireless networks. Accordingly, UAVmounted fronthaul and backhaul frameworks have been considered as a promising approach to handle unexpected or temporarily large amounts of information that is commonly required by user terminals [5], [6]. By leveraging the UAV-mounted fronthaul and backhaul links, large-scale projects are now underway in several research groups and information technology companies,including Global Access to the Internet for All (GAIA) [7], Project Loon by Google [8], and...

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“…In [11], [12], and [13] the authors propose MIP formulations to tackle edge-disjointness with side constraints such as node-degree and hop-constraints, but without considering the distance constraint. Additionally, [14] shows experimental results for the edge-disjoint solutions with the distance constraint for networks with up to 40 nodes.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing tree and chain topologies for designing resilient backhaul access network

Arbeláez

Mehta

O’Sullivan

et al. 2016

2016 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM)

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Long-reach passive optical networks (LR-PONs) have been proposed as an economically viable solution for FTTH network architectures. The longer reach allows it to bypass local-exchange (LE) sites. This results in the elimination of the processing of electronic traffic at the metro nodes and the need for a dedicated metro network. Consequently the functionalities of metro and core nodes are merged into metro-core (MC) nodes. An MC node is connected to tens of thousands of end-users via local exchange (LE) sites. Thus any cable cuts or MC node failures can affect tens of thousands of customers. Therefore, each LR-PON is connected to two MC nodes. In this paper we compare two topologies, tree and chain, to interconnect MC nodes and LEs. The tree topology uses cable splicing and allows cable sharing to reduce the cost. In the chain topology a set of exchangesites are part of a chain whose end-points are two MC nodes. We study these topologies by modelling each one of them as a combinatorial optimisation problem, and present our findings by analysing national networks for the UK and Italy.

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Cost-effective hybrid RF/FSO backhaul solution for next generation wireless systems

Cited by 131 publications

References 11 publications

Game-Theoretic Spectrum Trading in RF Relay-Assisted Free-Space Optical Communications

Game-Theoretic Spectrum Trading in RF Relay-Assisted Free-Space Optical Communications

A UAV-Mounted Free Space Optical Communication: Trajectory Optimization for Flight Time

Comparing tree and chain topologies for designing resilient backhaul access network

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