Systematic literature research limited to studies published from February 2006 to February 2016 was performed with the aim of identifying and analyzing all cost-effectiveness and other economic evaluation studies that investigated the economic and health outcomes of NPs use as screening and management tools for HF. Expert commentary: NP testing either added in the standard of care, or substituting frequently used diagnostic procedures for the diagnosis and management of HF, regardless of the healthcare setting of interest, was proved to be a valid tool for clinical decision-making. Moreover it was associated with improved patient outcomes and important cost-savings mainly attributed to lower admission and readmission rates, shorter hospitalization length and improved health-related quality of life.