Cost-effectiveness of Palivizumab for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in High-risk Children, Based on Long-term Epidemiologic Data From Austria

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

Kurath‐Koller

Hahn

et al. 2016

7 days; p = 0.003). Thirteen patients (22.4 %) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), for a median of 10 days. The median age at admission was 2 months, with a significant difference between HS-CHD and HNS-CHD (6 vs. 2 months; p = 0.001). The majority (97 %) of RSV-related hospitalizations occurred before 12 months of age. Patients with HS-CHD had a significantly more severe course of RSV disease and were older at the time of hospitalization. Early surgery seemed to significantly reduce the risk of RSV hospitalization during the first RSV season.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalizations over three consecutive seasons in children with congenital heart disease

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

Kurath‐Koller

Hahn

et al. 2016

“…A European cost-effectiveness study based on nationwide long-term epidemiologic data (including 1579 children hospitalized because of RSV LRTI during 16 seasons) from Austria confirmed these results for preterm infants below 33 weeks, those of 33 to 35 weeks of gestational age, those with BPD, and at least those with CHD; the latter demonstrating the lowest costs per quality-adjusted life years [37]. …”

Section: Efficacy and Economic Aspects Of Palivizumabmentioning

confidence: 90%

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in High-risk Infants – an Update on Palivizumab Prophylaxis

2014

TOMICROJ

Self Cite

Morbidity due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease is still high in infants and children worldwide during the first two to five years of life. Certain categories of high-risk infants with increased morbidity and mortality attributed to RSV disease have been identified and are included in national recommendations for prophylaxis with the monoclonal RSV antibody palivizumab. Most guidelines recommend palivizumab for preterm infants born less than or equal to 32 weeks gestational age with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia, those born between 33 and 35 weeks gestational age with additional risk factors, and infants and children with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease. Over the last years several rare diseases have been identified demonstrating high morbidity associated with RSV disease, thus, extension of guidelines for the prophylaxis with palivizumab for these patients with rare diseases including children with malignancy, congenital and acquired immune deficiency, Down syndrome, neuromuscular impairment, cystic fibrosis, congenital diaphragmatic hernia and other severe respiratory disease is increasingly discussed. Efficacy of palivizumab prophylaxis is documented by meta-analysis, and different economic analyses demonstrate cost-effectiveness of palivizumab for the most common indications during the first RSV season.

“…Children were all followed over 2 years including at least two consecutive RSV seasons from November to April according to long-term epidemiological data from Austria [12]. Thus, for every single child included in the study, follow-up over two RSV seasons was provided.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory syncytial virus associated hospitalizations in preterm infants of 29 to 32 weeks gestational age using a risk score tool for palivizumab prophylaxis

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

Bramreiter

Kurath‐Koller

et al. 2017

To evaluate the efficacy of palivizumab in infants of 29 to 32 weeks of gestational age (GA) based on a risk score tool developed for Austria. Retrospective single-center cohort study including all preterm infants of 29 (+0) to 32 (+6) weeks of GA born between 2004 and 2012 at a tertiary care university hospital. Data on RSV-related hospitalizations over the first 2 years of life were analyzed and compared between those having received palivizumab and those without. The study population was comprised of 789 of 816 screened infants, of whom 262 (33%) had received palivizumab and 527 (67%) had not. Nine of 107 rehospitalizations (8.4%) in the palivizumab group compared to 32 of 156 rehospitalizations (20.5%) in the group without prophylaxis were tested RSV-positive (p = 0.004; OR 0.356 [CI 90% 0.184–0.689]). Proven and calculated RSV hospitalization rate was 3.1% (8/262) in the palivizumab group and 5.9% (31/527) in the group without (p = 0.042; OR 0.504 [CI 90% 0.259–0.981]). Increasing number of risk factors (up to three) increased the RSV hospitalization rate in infants with (6.1%) and without (9.0%) prophylaxis. RSV-associated hospitalizations did not differ between groups with regard to length of stay, severity of infection, age at hospitalization, demand of supplemental oxygen, need for mechanical ventilation, and admission rate to the ICU. A risk score tool developed for infants of 29 to 32 weeks of gestational age led to a reduction of RSV-associated hospitalizations without influencing the severity of disease.