Cost-Effectiveness of Population-Level Physical Activity Interventions: A Systematic Review

Laine, Johanna; Kuvaja-Köllner, Virpi; Pietilä, Eija; Koivuneva, Mikko; Valtonen, Hannu; Kankaanpää, Eila

doi:10.4278/ajhp.131210-lit-622

Cited by 98 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Ensuring education and knowledge about vaccines in younger individuals (children, adolescents, young adults), possibly through school-based programmes, may provide a good opportunity to encourage future vaccine acceptance by parents and adults and minimise the potential for development of hesitancy, although research is needed to evaluate this strategy in the short and longer term. Evidence of the impact of education on behaviour change is available in areas such as bullying [41], exercise behaviour change initiatives [42] or environmental activism. An interesting model that could be used to integrate vaccination science in education is the Earth Science Literacy Initiative (ESLI), funded by the National Science Foundation in the United States [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies intended to address vaccine hesitancy: Review of published reviews

Dubé

Gagnon

MacDonald

2015

Vaccine

499

377

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When faced with vaccine hesitancy, public health authorities are looking for effective strategies to address this issue. In this paper, the findings of 15 published literature reviews or meta-analysis that have examined the effectiveness of different interventions to reduce vaccine hesitancy and/or to enhance vaccine acceptance are presented and discussed. From the literature, there is no strong evidence to recommend any specific intervention to address vaccine hesitancy/refusal. The reviewed studies included interventions with diverse content and approaches that were implemented in different settings and targeted various populations. Few interventions were directly targeted to vaccine hesitant individuals. Given the paucity of information on effective strategies to address vaccine hesitancy, when interventions are implemented, planning a rigorous evaluation of their impact on vaccine hesitancy/vaccine acceptance will be essential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies intended to address vaccine hesitancy: Review of published reviews

Dubé

Gagnon

MacDonald

2015

Vaccine

499

377

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“…29–31 By contrast, the rapid and unplanned growth of urban metropolises in LMICs impedes the implementation of cost-effective opportunities for physical activity. 32 …”

Section: High Risk Of Death Disability and Impoverishmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related disorders: key messages from Disease Control Priorities, 3rd edition

et al. 2018

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Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related disorders (CVRDs) are the leading causes of adult death worldwide, and substantial inequalities in care of patients with CVRDs exist between countries of high income and countries of low and middle income. Based on current trends, the UN Sustainable Development Goal to reduce premature mortality due to CVRDs by a third by 2030 will be challenging for many countries of low and middle income. We did systematic literature reviews of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness to identify priority interventions. We summarise the key findings and present a costed essential package of interventions to reduce risk of and manage CVRDs. On a population level, we recommend tobacco taxation, bans on trans fats, and compulsory reduction of salt in manufactured food products. We suggest primary health services be strengthened through the establishment of locally endorsed guidelines and ensured availability of essential medications. The policy interventions and health service delivery package we suggest could serve as the cornerstone for the management of CVRDs, and afford substantial financial risk protection for vulnerable households. We estimate that full implementation of the essential package would cost an additional US$21 per person in the average low-income country and $24 in the average lower-middle-income country. The essential package we describe could be a starting place for low-income and middle-income countries developing universal health coverage packages. Interventions could be rolled out as disease burden demands and budgets allow. Our outlined interventions provide a pathway for countries attempting to convert the UN Sustainable Development Goal commitments into tangible action.

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“…Por tanto, considerando que la realización de AF está presente en la cotidianidad de las personas dentro de sus actividades domésticas, de tiempo libre, recreativas y como formas de trabajo (17) , se esperaría que todos o al menos el 80% de la población mundial hiciera la AF recomendada por la OMS (por lo menos 150 minutos de actividad física semanal a intensidad moderada o vigorosa), pues adherirse a esta estrategia ayudaría a prevenir casos de muertes por ECNT, la mayoría prematuras, así como a reducir la frecuencia de su aparición (6,18) , sin que genere costos elevados para las personas, sus familias ni el sistema; una revisión sistemática en 2014 concluyó que las intervenciones para mejorar las oportunidades para caminar y andar en bicicleta parecen aumentar la actividad física de manera rentable (19) . No obstante, la prevalencia de AF es muy baja en todo el mundo (menos del 40%) (20) y las razones que explican este comportamiento poco saludable se han centrado hasta ahora, en una evidencia contundente sobre los factores individuales que, si bien han contribuido a la explicación de una parte de este fenómeno denominado inactividad física, no han logrado modificar sus prevalencias (21,22) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Entornos y actividad física en enfermedades crónicas: Más allá de factores asociados

2018

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Introducción: Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles son la mayor causa de morbimortalidad. La estrategia más costo-efectiva es la realización de actividad física pero hay una relación directa entre el incremento de estas enfermedades con la alta prevalencia de personas físicamente inactivas. Objetivo: Recoger los elementos esenciales de las enfermedades crónicas en términos del impacto y sus efectos negativos y mostrar, dentro de los factores de riesgo, a la inactividad física como uno de los determinantes clave en su aparición y el rol de los entornos construidos en esta conducta no saludable. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo mediante revisión documental sobre el papel de los entornos como factores determinante entre la inactividad física y el desarrollo de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. Resultados: Se describen los efectos negativos de las enfermedades crónicas, los factores que influyen en su aparición y se destaca a la inactividad física como uno de los determinantes de las enfermedades crónicas. La evidencia empírica sugiere que las características del entorno obran como determinantes en este comportamiento dentro de los estilos de vida. Conclusión: Los entornos en que habitan las personas se constituyen en factores asociados y determinantes en la realización o no de actividad física y deben ser considerados, más allá de los factores individuales, si se quiere tener éxito en la prevención y control de las enfermedades no transmisibles.

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Cost-Effectiveness of Population-Level Physical Activity Interventions: A Systematic Review

Abstract: Improving opportunities for walking and biking seems to increase physical activity cost-effectively. However, it is necessary to be careful in generalizing the results because of the small number of studies. This review provides important information for decision makers.

Cited by 98 publications

References 37 publications

Strategies intended to address vaccine hesitancy: Review of published reviews

Strategies intended to address vaccine hesitancy: Review of published reviews

Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related disorders: key messages from Disease Control Priorities, 3rd edition

Entornos y actividad física en enfermedades crónicas: Más allá de factores asociados

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