Cost, Energy, and Environmental Impact of Automated Electric Taxi Fleets in Manhattan

Bauer, Gordon; Greenblatt, Jeffery B.; Gerke, Brian F.

doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b04732

Cited by 158 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Through trip-chaining, autonomous taxis (ATs) could radically reduce the number of vehicles required, potentially at the cost of increased vehicle turn-over and longer distances. Other environmental effects arise from the easier electrification of the fleet, the higher initial energy and material requirements of ATs, the issue of empty trips, and benefits through eco-driving and platooning [121,122,136]. The impact of ATs, carsharing and ride-hailing on overall travel demand seems to be inconclusive and may depend on many local factors.…”

Section: Me In Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Material efficiency strategies to reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with buildings, vehicles, and electronics—a review

Hertwich

Ali

Ciacci

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

309

164

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As one quarter of global energy use serves the production of materials, the more efficient use of these materials presents a significant opportunity for the mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. With the renewed interest of policy makers in the circular economy, material efficiency (ME) strategies such as light-weighting and downsizing of and lifetime extension for products, reuse and recycling of materials, and appropriate material choice are being promoted. Yet, the emissions savings from ME remain poorly understood, owing in part to the multitude of material uses and diversity of circumstances and in part to a lack of analytical effort. We have reviewed emissions reductions from ME strategies applied to buildings, cars, and electronics. We find that there can be a systematic trade-off between material use in the production of buildings, vehicles, and appliances and energy use in their operation, requiring a careful life cycle assessment of ME strategies. We find that the largest potential emission reductions quantified in the literature result from more intensive use of and lifetime extension for buildings and the light-weighting and reduced size of vehicles. Replacing metals and concrete with timber in construction can result in significant GHG benefits, but trade-offs and limitations to the potential supply of timber need to be recognized. Repair and remanufacturing of products can also result in emission reductions, which have been quantified only on a case-by-case basis and are difficult to generalize. The recovery of steel, aluminum, and copper from building demolition waste and the end-of-life vehicles and appliances already results in the recycling of base metals, which achieves significant emission reductions. Higher collection rates, sorting efficiencies, and the alloy-specific sorting of metals to preserve the function of alloying elements while avoiding the contamination of base metals are important steps to further reduce emissions.

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Section: Me In Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Material efficiency strategies to reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with buildings, vehicles, and electronics—a review

Hertwich

Ali

Ciacci

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

309

164

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In two latter studies, the impact of wait times on traveler mode choice decision is neglected. Bauer et al (2018) used an agent-based model and analyzed the cost, energy, and environmental implications of SAEV service operating in Manhattan.…”

Section: Prior Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shared autonomous electric vehicle service performance: Assessing the impact of charging infrastructure

Vosooghi

Puchinger

Bischoff

et al. 2020

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

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A B S T R A C TShared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) are the next major evolution in urban mobility. This technology has attracted much interest of car manufacturers aiming at playing a role as transportation network companies (TNCs) in order to gain benefits per kilometer and per ride. The majority of future SAVs will most probably be electric. It is therefore important to understand how limited vehicle range and the configuration of charging infrastructure will affect the performance of shared autonomous electric vehicle (SAEV) services. We aim to explore the impacts of charging station placement, charging type (rapid charging, battery swapping) as well as vehicle range onto service efficiency and customer experience in terms of service availability and response time. We perform an agent-based simulation of SAEVs across the Rouen Normandie metropolitan area in France. The simulation process features impact assessment by considering dynamic demand responsive to the network and traffic.Research results suggest that the performance of SAEVs is strongly correlated to the charging infrastructure. Importantly, faster charging infrastructure and optimized placement of charging locations in order to minimize distances between demand hubs and charging stations result in a higher performance. Further analysis indicates the importance of dispersing charging stations across the service area and how this affects service effectiveness. The results also underline that SAEV battery capacity has to be carefully selected to avoid the overlaps between demand and charging peak times. Finally, the simulation results show that by providing battery swapping infrastructure the performance indicators of SAEV service are significantly improved.

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“…The authors concluded that SAEVs could be operated between $0.41 US and $0.47 US per occupied mile traveled. Bauer et al [22] investigated the effects of SAEV cost components on SAEV operational costs and concluded that SAEVs could be operated between $0.29 US and $0.61 US per mile. Chen and Kockelman [23] found that as SAEV fares increase from $0.75 US to $1.00 US per mile, SAEV modal share decreases from 39% to 14%.…”

Section: Sav Service Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobility and Energy Impacts of Shared Automated Vehicles: a Review of Recent Literature

Shaheen

Bouzaghrane

2019

Curr Sustainable Renewable Energy Rep

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Purpose of Review: The purpose of this review is to present findings from recent research on Shared automated vehicles (SAV) impacts on mobility and energy. Recent Findings: While the literature on potential SAV impacts on travel behavior and the environment is still developing, researchers have suggested that SAVs could reduce transportation costs and incur minimal increases in total trip time due to efficient routing to support pooling. Researchers also speculate that SAVs would result in a 55% reduction in energy use and ~ 90% reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Summary: SAV impacts on mobility and energy are uncertain. Researchers should carefully track SAV technology developments and adjust previous model assumptions based on real-world data to produce better impact estimates. SAVs could prove to be a next technological advancement that reshapes the transportation system by providing a safer, efficient, and less costly travel alternative.

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Cost, Energy, and Environmental Impact of Automated Electric Taxi Fleets in Manhattan

Cited by 158 publications

References 29 publications

Material efficiency strategies to reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with buildings, vehicles, and electronics—a review

Material efficiency strategies to reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with buildings, vehicles, and electronics—a review

Shared autonomous electric vehicle service performance: Assessing the impact of charging infrastructure

Mobility and Energy Impacts of Shared Automated Vehicles: a Review of Recent Literature

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