Cost of severe hypoglycaemia in nine European countries

Jakubczyk, Michał; Lipka, Izabela; Paweska, J.; Niewada, Maciej; Rdzanek, Elżbieta; Zaletel, Jelka; Arellano, Antonio Ramírez de; Doležal, Tomáš; Mitreva, Biljana Chekorova; Nagy, Bence; Petrova, Guenka; Šarić, Tereza; Yfantopoulos, John; Czech, Marcin

doi:10.1080/13696998.2016.1188823

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The cost from the study in patients with T1DM is noticeably lower than that estimated in the present analysis (€808), which appears to be due to the fact that severe episodes were assumed to be treated by a family member in 75% of cases, compared with 33% in the present analysis. Another study that estimated the cost of severe hypoglycemia using experts’ opinions reported a cost per episode of just €172.33 [ 29 ] for all severe hypoglycemic episodes (not just insulin-related). However, there are a number of reasons for this difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to the two studies reporting a lower cost per severe hypoglycemic episode [ 14 , 29 ], a review article was also identified that reported the cost for a severe episode as €3597 and estimated the cost of a non-severe episode as between €30 and €35. These costs are both higher than the estimates in the present analysis, with the severe cost substantially so.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Economic Burden of Insulin-Related Hypoglycemia in Spain

Parekh

Hoskins²,

Baker‐Knight³

et al. 2017

Diabetes Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionAn analysis was conducted to estimate the economic burden of insulin-related hypoglycemia in adults in Spain, derived from a novel concept developed for the UK known as the Local Impact of Hypoglycemia Tool.MethodsCosts per severe and non-severe hypoglycemic episode were calculated for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The costs per episode were applied to the population of adults with T1DM and T2DM using insulin in Spain according to the number of severe and non-severe episodes experienced per year. Costs were calculated using Spanish-specific resource costs and published values for resource utilization, including ambulance, accident and emergency (A&E) department, hospitalization, healthcare professional visits, and extra self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) tests used in the week following the episode. A one-way sensitivity analysis on all model inputs was then performed.ResultsThe cost of insulin-related hypoglycemia in Spain is estimated as €662.0 m per year, €292.6 m of which is due to severe episodes and €369.4 m to non-severe episodes. The cost per episode varies from €1.25 for patients with T1DM and €1.48 for patients with T2DM for a non-severe episode where extra SMBG testing after the episode is the only action taken, to €4378.22 for T1DM and €3005.74 for T2DM for a severe episode that was treated in hospital and requires an ambulance, A&E visit, hospitalization, and a diabetes specialist visit. A reduction in severe and non-severe hypoglycemia rates of just 20% could lead to considerable cost savings of €284,925 per 100,000 general population.ConclusionThis analysis highlights the substantial economic burden of hypoglycemia in Spain, and gives budget holders the ability to assess the costs of new treatments or patient education programs in relation to the potential cost savings due to lower hypoglycemia rates.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Economic Burden of Insulin-Related Hypoglycemia in Spain

Parekh

Hoskins²,

Baker‐Knight³

et al. 2017

Diabetes Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another study assessed the total annual, direct, and indirect cost of SH events in nine European countries, including Spain. This study, conducted in 2016, reported an annual total cost for single SH event of €1076.05, €209.28 and €0.46 for hospital-treated, medical professional-treated and family-treated SH events in Spain, which in terms of the whole population affected translates into €32,339,530.58, €19,513,354.64 and €94,856.70, respectively [ 44 ]. Taking these figures into consideration, the prevention of hypoglycemia is essential in DM management programs given its impact on patients and on healthcare systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Quality of Life, and Costs Associated with Hypoglycemia in Patients with Diabetes in Spain: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective To assess the burden of hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in Spain, including epidemiological data and information relating to healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs, and patients’ quality of life (QoL). Methods A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to identify studies that included original information on epidemiology, HRU and costs, and/or QoL associated with hypoglycemia in patients with DM in Spain, published in either Spanish or English, between January 2007 and April 2017. Results Fifteen articles, involving 14 studies, were identified in the SLR and included in the analysis. The estimated rate of severe hypoglycemia (SH) events per patient per year ranged from 0.90 to 1.50 in patients with type 1 DM (T1DM) and from 0.30 to 0.63 in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM). The data on HRU differed extensively between studies, making it difficult to draw a conclusion. Total costs per SH event ranged from €409.97 in patients with T1DM to €713.10 in patients with DM. Work absence was reported in 11.80–18% of the working patients. Further, patients who experienced hypoglycemic events expressed a higher fear and had a poorer QoL than those who did not report these events. Conclusion Although the data included in the SLR were difficult to synthesize due to heterogeneity of the study designs and patient characteristics in the 14 studies, our search identified a high burden associated with hypoglycemic events in terms of HRU and costs, and patients’ QoL. Further research is recommended to reach a consensus on hypoglycemia definition and study design to provide robust evidence on the burden of hypoglycemia and to accurately weigh the impact of this acute complication in Spain. Funding Eli Lilly and Company.

show abstract

“…This comprised £1.0 billion in direct costs, of which 71% was due to long-term complications, and £0.9 billion in productivity and social costs due to death, sickness, presenteeism and caregiver burden [11]. Hypoglycaemia is costly to treat [11][12][13][14][15]. The cost of a severe hypoglycaemic event treated in hospital in the UK for a person with T1DM was estimated to be £1034 in 2012 [15].…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%