Cost-Optimal Placement and Backhauling of Small-Cell Networks

Ranaweera, Chathurika; Lim, Christina; Nirmalathas, Ampalavanapillai; Jayasundara, Chamil; Wong, Elaine

doi:10.1109/jlt.2015.2443066

Cited by 41 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The reason for this is the dominating component of the trenching costs which, with our approach, is responsible for almost 45% of the total cost in all the scenarios. This was anticipated, because trenching, (as explained in [12]), is the most expensive part of an optical project.…”

Section: The Results From Figures 4 and 5 Confirm That If The Cost Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heuristics for the optimized deployment of small cells in next-generation networks

Araújo

Oliveira

Souza

et al. 2017

J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl.

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Abstract-Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) have been introduced as an alternative means of improving the overall network capacity. However, HetNets increase the complexity and cost of transport due to the large number of smallcells (SCs) that have to be connected, and hence, it is essential to investigate the best way to plan the joint deployment of radio and transport resources. For this reason, some planning strategies have been put forward in the literature with the aim of reducing both the number of SCs and amount of transport. These systems are generally based on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) which uses a radio frequency range from 2 to 20 GHz. However, those papers do not evaluate path loss, which is a major component in the analysis or how to design the link budget of a telecommunication system. In this paper, we examine a heuristic for the joint planning of radio (i.e., SCs) and transport resources (i.e., point-to-point fiber links) by using suitable propagation models for next generation networks. Through the proposed heuristics, it is possible to save up to 12% of the total costs of the network deployment incurred by other systems found in the literature. that investigate how to provide backhaul to transport data to/from a gateway node (a node with an existing fiber point, often co-located with a macrocell) in the core network. Radio Network Planning (RNP) is essential for operators to deploy wireless cellular networks in a cost-effective manner; however, in the optimization process, this must take account of both the radio features, and transport. .In particular, it must include its inevitable migration to the Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN), which provide key solutions for ensuring an efficient allocation and management of baseband processing resources, which are essential for forthcoming ultra-dense deployments.C-RAN is the key architecture of the 5G networks and should be able to support faster data rates (up to 10 Gb/s) and more bandwidth than the preexisting cellular technologies. Another important feature of 5G is the dense Base Station (BS) deployment in HetNets. Studies show that 80% of subscribers are concentrated in 20% of the sites of the network. Thus, it is clear that the use of highcapacity technology as backhaul in traditional architecture and fronthaul in the C-RAN architecture, is

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Section: The Results From Figures 4 and 5 Confirm That If The Cost Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, [11] and [12] adopted a heuristic approach, that takes account of the existence of fiber resources that are sparsely located. Different scenarios were chosen to plan a SC network and its backhaul in a semi-optimal way, which included real-world factors like interference, costs, coverage and QoS (Quality of Service) parameters.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heuristics for the optimized deployment of small cells in next-generation networks

Araújo

Oliveira

Souza

et al. 2017

J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl.

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show abstract

“…These two variables have a non-linear relationship, r k = min(1,r k ), which is captured by the pair of constraints shown in Eqs. (24) and (25).…”

Section: ) Nonlinear Relationships Between Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These non-linear relationships are captured by the linear constrains shown in Eqn. (18) to (25). For example, the binary variable r k represents the placement of RRHs/ONUs at the k th node where k ∈ O and the integer variabler k represents the number of RRHs/ONUs placed at the k th node.…”

Section: ) Nonlinear Relationships Between Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their notation and cost are listed in Table III. The cost values are chosen from various studies and vendor specification materials [22]- [25] and are normalized with respect to the cost of fiber testing. We compare the optimal deployment costs when different x-haul options are used with diverse capacity and coverage requirements of households.…”

Section: Evaluations Of the Optimal Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical Transport Network Design for 5G Fixed Wireless Access

Ranaweera

Monti

Skubic

et al. 2019

J. Lightwave Technol.

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The fifth generation of mobile technology, 5G is anticipated to be a significant leap in the evolution of mobile communication. 5G will be designed to attain 1000 times higher data volumes, 10 times lower latency, and 100 times more connected devices than its predecessor, 4G. Due to 5Gs ability to sustain high bandwidth per unit area, 5G is considered to be a cost-efficient solution to provide Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) to households on a large scale. FWA is seen as an attractive alternative for fixed broadband access in scenarios where last mile access based on wired technologies is not economically viable. Whilst approaches for enhancing user experience in a 5G FWA environment are investigated in the research community, the problem of providing cost-effective high capacity transport for FWA deployments still remains a major challenge. This is particularly challenging due to diverse transport network architectures and requirements imposed by different 5G deployment models. This paper addresses this problem by formulating a generalized joint-optimization framework to simultaneously plan wireless access and optical transport for 5G FWA networks in order to minimize the deployment cost whilst meeting various network requirements. We demonstrate the applicability of the proposed framework by applying it to a real scenario with a range of deployment options and where different types of optical x-haul solutions are considered. The results provide a cornerstone for deployment strategies that will be imperative for realizing a future-proof and cost-effective broadband access network.

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Cost‐efficient deployment of mmW small cells with hybrid backhauls

Cao

Feng

Qin

et al. 2017

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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Hybrid backhaul networks with millimeter wave (mmW) technologies are widely viewed as promising solutions to support next-generation ultradense mobile networks. In this paper, we propose a cost-efficient deployment framework of mmW small cells with hybrid backhaul, with the aim of providing useful insights on the optimal deployment of small cells for mmW mobile network planning. We investigate the trade-off between the deployment cost and the number of user equipments that can be admitted while considering 2 kinds of base stations (BSs) in mmW networks: backhaul aggregate nodes (BANs) and wireless backhaul BSs (WBSs). We derive the deployment cost of mmW networks including BSs and wired backhaul links as a function of the number of BANs and WBSs and investigate the relationship between the number of BSs and the number of admitted user equipments. We formulate an optimization problem to maximize cost efficiency subject to the constraint of wireless backhaul link capacity and derive the optimal number of WBSs per BAN cluster as well as the optimal number of deployed BANs. Numerical results validate the effectiveness of our proposed BS deployment framework.

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Cost-Optimal Placement and Backhauling of Small-Cell Networks

Cited by 41 publications

References 17 publications

Heuristics for the optimized deployment of small cells in next-generation networks

Heuristics for the optimized deployment of small cells in next-generation networks

Optical Transport Network Design for 5G Fixed Wireless Access

Cost‐efficient deployment of mmW small cells with hybrid backhauls

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