Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study

Bixby, Luis Rosero; Dow, William H.; Camacho, Gilbert Brenes

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69892-2_334-1

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Comparable samples of adults ages 65+ were drawn from each country. We use the 10/66 Dementia Research Group baseline survey for Cuba and the Dominican Republic [29], the Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES) baseline survey for Costa Rica [30] and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for U.S. data [31,32].…”

Section: Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The subsample analyzed in this paper consisted of the 1066 adults above the age of 65 in greater San Jose, using weights to generalize to the metro population. More details on CRELES sampling can be found in [30,33].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Below, we provide an overview of key variables used in analysis. For details on the survey questions used in each country to construct these variables, please refer to S1 Table. Cutoff points for all outcomes were chosen to be consistent with prior comparative literature that uses 10/66 and CRELES datasets [3,29,30].…”

Section: Key Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cuba’s cardiovascular risk factors: International comparison of levels and education gradients

Dieci¹,

Llibre-Rodríguez²,

Acosta³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Background Cuba’s life expectancy at 79 is third highest in Latin America. Many attribute this to social investments in health and education, but comparative research is sparse, thus we compare Cuba with neighboring Dominican Republic, Costa Rica due to its strong social protections, and the U.S. Given high cardiovascular mortality, we focus on cardiovascular risk factor levels. To assess the role of health care, we distinguish medically amenable biomarkers from behavioral risk factors. To assess the role of Cuba’s focus on equity, we compare education gradients in risk factors. Methods We analyze Cuban data from the 10/66 Dementia Research Group baseline survey of urban adults ages 65 plus. Comparison samples are drawn from the Dominican Republic 10/66 survey, the Costa Rican CRELES, and U.S. NHANES. We analyze cross-country levels and education gradients of medically amenable (hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, access to health care) and behavioral (smoking, obesity) risk factors,–using sex-stratified weighted means comparisons and age-adjusted logistic regression. Results Neither medically amenable nor behavioral risk factors are uniformly better in Cuba than comparison countries. Obesity is lower in Cuba, but male smoking is higher. Hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia levels are high in all countries, though Cuba’s are lower than Costa Rica. Hypertension awareness in Cuba is similar to Costa Rica. Cuba has a higher proportion of hypertensives on treatment than Costa Rica, though lower than the U.S. Comparative gradients by education are similarly mixed. For behavioral factors, Cuba shows the strongest gradients (primarily for men) among the countries compared: smoking improves, but obesity worsens with education. Hypertension awareness also improves with education in Cuba, but Cuba shows no significant differences by education in hypertension treatment. Conclusion Smoking is comparatively high in Cuba, but obesity is low, and the resulting biomarkers show comparatively mixed patterns. Cuba’s social protections have not eliminated strong educational gradients in behavioral risk factors, but the healthcare system appears to have eliminated disparities such as in hypertension treatment.

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Section: Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cuba’s cardiovascular risk factors: International comparison of levels and education gradients

Dieci¹,

Llibre-Rodríguez²,

Acosta³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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“…A full description of sampling methods and objectives can be found elsewhere. 7 For the purposes of the present study, data from the first (2005) and third (2009) waves were used. The follow-up period was 60 months.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia, doença pulmonar e mortalidade: uma análise secundária do estudo CRELES

Borda¹,

Hernández²,

Gutiérrez³

et al. 2019

Geriatr., Gerontol. Aging

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AIM: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a pro-inflammatory condition leading to wasting states such as sarcopenia. We aimed to describe the effect of COPD and sarcopenia on mortality in Costa Rican older adults in the Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES). METHOD: This is a secondary analysis of the CRELES, a cohort study consisting of three waves of interviews. For the current study, data from the first and third waves were used. The dependent variable was survival status. COPD and sarcopenia were independent variables. Bivariate analyses were used to compare mortality curves for each group. Association with 3-year mortality was tested with Cox regression models, and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated as a measure of the strength of association. RESULTS: Of a total of 2704 participants, 54.29% (n = 1468) were women. Overall mortality was 9.05%. Sarcopenic older adults had the strongest association with mortality (HR = 2.65; 95%CI, 1.81-3.90; p < 0.001), followed by those with both COPD and sarcopenia (HR = 2.59; 95%CI, 1.37-4.92; p = 0.003). The weakest association with mortality was found in patients with neither COPD nor sarcopenia. CONCLUSIONS: The synergistic effect of sarcopenia and COPD has been shown to independently increase mortality in older patients. Our results may be applicable to both Latin American residents and subjects of Hispanic descent living in developed countries. Sarcopenia should be assessed in all patients with COPD since the latter is not a disease limited to the lungs, but rather a systemic disease.

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“…The whole sample was based on the national census database from the year 2000 and was obtained by the Costa Rican Study on Longevity and Healthy Aging (CRELES, Spanish acronym for “Costa Rica Estudio de Longevidad y Envejecimiento Saludables”). More details can be found in Rosero‐Bixby, Fernández, and Dow (). The Institutional Review Board of the University of Costa Rica approved the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amerindian ancestry and extended longevity in Nicoya, Costa Rica

Azofeifa

Ruiz-Narváez

Leal

et al. 2017

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to address the hypothesis that Amerindian ancestry is associated with extended longevity in the admixed population of Nicoya, Costa Rica. The Nicoya Peninsula of Costa Rica has been considered a "longevity island," particularly for males. Methods:We estimated Amerindian ancestry using 464 ancestral informative markers in 20 old Nicoyans aged 99 years, and 20 younger Nicoyans (60-65 years). We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the association of Amerindian ancestry and longevity.Results: Older Nicoyans had higher Amerindian ancestry compared to younger Nicoyans (43.3% vs 36.0%, P 5 .04). Each 10% increase of Amerindian ancestry was associated with more than twice the odds of being long-lived (OR 5 2.32, 95% CI 5 1.03-5.25).Conclusions and Implications: To our knowledge, this is the first time that ancestry is implicated as a likely determinant of extended longevity. Amerindian-specific alleles may protect against early mortality. The identification of these protective alleles should be the focus of future studies.

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Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Cuba’s cardiovascular risk factors: International comparison of levels and education gradients

Cuba’s cardiovascular risk factors: International comparison of levels and education gradients

Sarcopenia, doença pulmonar e mortalidade: uma análise secundária do estudo CRELES

Amerindian ancestry and extended longevity in Nicoya, Costa Rica

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