Costs and benefits of insecticide and foliar nutrient applications to huanglongbing‐infected citrus trees

Tansey, James A.; Vanaclocha, Pilar; Monzó, César; Jones, Matt; Stansly, Philip A.

doi:10.1002/ps.4362

Cited by 49 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…• Poncirus trifoliata L., rootstock. Planting density was 373 trees • ha -1 (151 trees • ac -1 ) at 7.3 m between rows and 3.7 m within rows (Stansly et al, 2014;Tansey et al, 2016). Trees were irrigated with undertree, microsprinklers, and standard weed control and fertilization practices were followed (Davies and Jackson, 2009).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many growers are coping with HLB by controlling the psyllid vector (Stansly et al, 2010(Stansly et al, , 2014Tansey et al, 2016) with insecticides and managing tree disease symptoms with foliar nutrient sprays (Giles, 2011;Tansey et al, 2016). Foliar applications deliver micronutrients to counteract HLBinduced deficiencies (Masuoka et al, 2011), salts of phosphorus acid to aid in nutrient assimilation and compounds such as salicylic acid, that are thought to activate systemic acquired resistance pathways (SAR) in the tree.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Foliar applications deliver micronutrients to counteract HLBinduced deficiencies (Masuoka et al, 2011), salts of phosphorus acid to aid in nutrient assimilation and compounds such as salicylic acid, that are thought to activate systemic acquired resistance pathways (SAR) in the tree. Insect vector control and foliar nutrient/ SAR treatments increased yields in the sampled blocks, and thus were purported to lessen disease expression in these same trees (Stansly et al, 2014;Tansey et al, 2016). The objective of this study was to investigate whether the preharvest vector control (insecticide) and foliar nutrient sprays would also mitigate HLB-induced off-flavor symptoms in the fruit and juice, as exhibited by flavor and aroma chemical profiles.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Vector Control and Foliar Nutrition on Quality of Orange Juice Affected by Huanglongbing: Chemical Analysis

Baldwin

Bai

Plotto

et al. 2017

horts

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‘Valencia’ orange trees from groves with 90% infection by Candidatus liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), the presumed pathogen for citrus greening or huanglongbing (HLB) disease, were treated with insecticide (I), a nutritional spray (N), and insecticide plus nutritional spray (I + N). Controls (C) were not treated. Fruit were harvested in March to April, 2013, 2014, and 2015, juiced, and the juice was frozen for later chemical analyses. Titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids content (SSC), SSC/TA ratio, many volatiles, flavonoids, and limonoids showed differences because of season, whereas SSC, several volatiles (ethanol, cis-3 hexenol, α-terpinene, ethyl acetate, and acetone), flavonoids (narirutin, vicenin-2, diosmin, nobiletin, heptamethoxy flavone), and limonoids (nomilin and nomilinic acid glucoside) showed differences because of treatment. However, consistent patterns for chemical differences among seasons were not detected. TA tended to be higher in N and C the first two seasons and SSC/TA higher in I and I + N for all seasons (not significant for 2014). Bitter limonoids tended to be higher in I, N or I + N over the seasons. Principal Component Analysis showed that there was a good separation by season overall and for treatment in 2013. In 2014 and 2015, the insecticide treatments (either I or I + N) had the highest sugar and SSC/TA levels and lowest TA levels, although not always significant, as well as higher juice CLas cycle threshold (Ct) levels, indicating lower levels of the pathogen.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Vector Control and Foliar Nutrition on Quality of Orange Juice Affected by Huanglongbing: Chemical Analysis

Baldwin

Bai

Plotto

et al. 2017

horts

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“…However, recent studies have demonstrated that productivity of infected trees can be maintained at sustainable levels, at least in the short term, when specific agronomic measures are taken. Among them, preventing new bacterial re‐inoculations through the suppression of infective vectors can drastically reduce the rapid decline of the tree and extent its productivity . Hence, effective action against this disease, whether it is present or not, can be achieved through efficient vector management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, preventing new bacterial re-inoculations through the suppression of infective vectors can drastically reduce the rapid decline of the tree and extent its productivity. 21,22 Hence, effective action against this disease, whether it is present or not, can be achieved through efficient vector management. Current vector management programs rely on frequent insecticide applications aimed to keep ACP numbers as close to zero as possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic value of conservation biological control for management of the Asian citrus psyllid, vector of citrus Huanglongbing disease

Monzó

Stansly

2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Huanglongbing (HLB) is the most devastating disease associated with citrus, transmitted by its principal vector Diaphorina citri, the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP). At present, the only effective action against this pathosystem is vector management. Owing to the severity of HLB, vector management mostly relies on highly frequent insecticide applications. While this strategy may be able to maintain the economic viability of citrus operations in the short term, it raises numerous concerns for the development of D. citri insecticide resistance as well as further impacts to human health and environmental sustainability. The present study estimates and allocates HLB management costs resulting from the loss of ACP conservation biological control (CBC) within vector‐intensive insecticide management regimes. Scenarios under different degrees of CBC were simulated and vector populations were estimated. CBC costs were calculated by subtracting the total HLB related costs of the scenarios with high ACP biological control to those of the scenarios with no or low biological control. RESULTS We have estimated that an agroecosystem without an effective CBC management program for the suppression of ACP would result in predicted economical loss ranging from $1150 to $2000 per hectare. The proposed model translates to a total economic loss of approximately $300 million to Florida's citrus industry per season (36.42% of total Florida processed oranges production value). CONCLUSION These results help to identify the long‐term viability of the HLB management strategies currently implemented and highlight the urgency of finding a definitive and sustainable solution to HLB. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Identification of a new Cordyceps javanica fungus isolate and its toxicity evaluation against Asian citrus psyllid

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2018

MicrobiologyOpen

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The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, is the most serious pest of citrus worldwide. It acts as a vector for a group of phloem‐limited bacteria ( Candidatus Liberibacter spp.) that causes Huanglongbing (HLB) disease. Thus, D. citri management is an important strategy against HLB, and biological control is currently considered as the most effective method because of the unsustainable and negative side effects of chemical control. Here, we isolated a new strain of entomopathogenic fungus, Cordyceps javanica (GZQ‐1), from one cadaver of D. citri adult based on its morphological and phylogenetic data. Five conidial concentrations of the C. javanica pathogen (1 × 10 3 , 1 × 10 4 , 1 × 10 5 , 1 × 10 6 , and 1 × 10 7 conidia/ml) were assessed against six life stages of D. citri (1st‐5th instar nymphs and adults). Results showed that C. javanica GZQ‐1 was highly pathogenic to D. citri nymphs (69.49%–90.87% mortality) and adults (69.98% mortality). The LC 50 and LT 50 values of C. javanica against 1st‐2nd instar (younger), 3rd‐4th instar (middle aged), 5th instar (older), and adults were 1.20 × 10 5 , 1.10 × 10 6 , 4.47 × 10 6 , 8.12 × 10 6 conidia/ml and 4.25, 4.51, 5.17, 5.49 days, respectively. Moreover, glasshouse experiments indicated that this C. javanica GZQ‐1 caused higher infection rates of D. citri adults compared to two other fungal strains we previously isolated in the laboratory, Cordyceps fumosorosea (IF010) and Metarhizium anisopliae (CNGD7).

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Costs and benefits of insecticide and foliar nutrient applications to huanglongbing‐infected citrus trees

Abstract: All treatments resulted in production and financial gains relative to controls. However, material and application costs associated with the nutrition component offset these gains, resulting in lesser benefits than insecticides applied alone. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

Cited by 49 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of Vector Control and Foliar Nutrition on Quality of Orange Juice Affected by Huanglongbing: Chemical Analysis

Effect of Vector Control and Foliar Nutrition on Quality of Orange Juice Affected by Huanglongbing: Chemical Analysis

Economic value of conservation biological control for management of the Asian citrus psyllid, vector of citrus Huanglongbing disease

Identification of a new Cordyceps javanica fungus isolate and its toxicity evaluation against Asian citrus psyllid

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