“…38,39 In detail, the characteristic peaks located at binding energies of 779.4 and 794.5 eV are identified as Co 3+ species, 40,41 whereas the other two peaks at binding energies of 781.4 and 796.5 eV correspond to the Co 2+ species. 42,43 Besides, other weak satellite peaks of CCO1 and CCO2 at binding energies of 789.2 eV and 804.6 eV are caused by the unpaired electrons in the Co 2+ valence orbital. 44,45 Therefore, both CCO1 and CCO2 possess a pair of weak satellite peaks, suggesting that the cobalt species exist mainly in the state of Co 3+ species, which is consistent with the reports of Du et al 11,12,17 The O 1s XPS signals of CCO1 depicted in Fig.…”