“…The specific entropy is then not concave and so assumption (1.1) leads also to thermodynamic instability (see also [32] from which one deduces that the speed of sound in the fluid is imaginary, a physically unrealistic situation! It must be acknowledged that, despite the physically unrealistic deductions described above, as long as the ratio between the Eckert number and the second Froude number is of the same order as the Carnot number or smaller, the approximations derived in [17,28,30] under the assumption (1.1) (and valid whenever α ref (θ M − θ m ) is small) coincide, respectively, with the Oberbeck-Boussinesq, Stokes-Oberbeck-Boussinesq and Navier-Stokes with frictional heating approximations derived in §4. In virtue of this remark, the results concerning the onset of convection and the viscous dissipation in fluids with pressure-and temperature-dependent viscosity found in [28,30,33], where the approximations are derived under the assumption (1.1), hold true.…”