Cough Is Common in Children Prescribed Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Preliminary experience with the angiotensin II receptor antagonist irbesartan in chronic kidney disease

“…Cough is a frequent adverse event in adults and children given converting enzyme inhibitors and may be severe or bothersome enough to limit treatment [6,8,10]. The mechanisms underlying cough are linked to the accumulation of kinins [6,10].…”

“…In adults irbesartan (150±300 mg once daily) eectively lowers arterial pressure and proteinuria in kidney disease [9]. Like in adults, cough is an important and frequent adverse eect in children prescribed the converting enzyme inhibitors captopril or enalapril two or three times a day [6,8]; we therefore speculated that angiotensin II antagonists might be a potentially eective and simple treatment in children with chronic kidney disease and started to use irbesartan in this condition. This preliminary report describes both the antihypertensive and antiproteinuric eects and the safety and tolerability pro®le of irbesartan in children with chronic kidney disease.…”

Effects of antihypertensive drugs on blood pressure and proteinuria in childhood

“…We excluded reports which deal with the pharmacokinetics of antihypertensive agents [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], with the management of hypertensive emergency, neonatal hypertension or heart failure, or with the management of minimal range albuminuria in diabetes mellitus [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], or include fewer than 10 individuals [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Trials examining antihypertensive drugs for periods less than 4 weeks [37][38][39], reports not describing the outcome of interest [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] or describing the effect of a substance added to another, both with the same mechanism of action …”

Defining the Cough Spectrum and Reviewing the Evidence for Treating Non-Specific Cough in Children

“…In children, cough associated with ACE inhibitors resolves within days (3-7 days) after withdrawing the medication [162,163], and may not recur when the medication is recommenced [163]. Chronic cough has been reported as a side effect of converting angiotensin inhibitors [162,163,164], asthma medications immediately after inhalation [165] and complication of chronic vagus nerve stimulation [166].…”

“…Chronic cough has been reported as a side effect of converting angiotensin inhibitors [162,163,164], asthma medications immediately after inhalation [165] and complication of chronic vagus nerve stimulation [166].…”