Could Artificial Insemination of Cattle be More Fruitful? Penalties Associated with Ageing Eggs

Hunter, R. H. F.; Greve, T.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0531.1997.tb01271.x

Cited by 34 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…There are several reports about the optimal timing of AI in which the optimal timing was reported to be 12 to 18 h before ovulation [40], from 6 to 24 h before ovulation [41] or from 12 to 24 h before ovulation [8,19]. Thinking about the five above-mentioned properties and the previous reports, the theoretical optimal time for AI is considered to generally be 6 to 24 h before ovulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships Between the Appearances and Changes of Estrous Signs and the Estradiol-17β Peak, Luteinizing Hormone Surge and Ovulation During the Periovulatory Period in Lactating Dairy Cows Kept in Tie-stalls

2014

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Lactating Holstein-Friesian cows kept in tie-stall barn were used as subjects in this study. Rectal examination, ultrasonography and blood sampling were conducted every other day and then daily after the day on which diameter of the corpus luteum decreased. After the luteal diameter decreased for 2 consecutive days, rectal and ultrasound examinations, blood sampling, and observation of estrous signs were conducted at 6-h intervals. Most of the estrous signs became obvious with the increase in estradiol-17β (E2) and became most remarkable 24 to 30 hours before ovulation, at which point the E2 peak and luteinizing hormone (LH) surge were achieved, and then weakened which progression to ovulation. The correlation between the intensity of four estrous signs (hyperemia and swelling of the intravaginal part of the uterus, opening of the external uterine orifice and viscosity of the cervical mucus) and the plasma E2 concentration was higher than that of three estrous signs (swelling of the vulva, contraction of the uterus, diameter of uterine horn) and the plasma E2 concentration. The relaxation of the intravaginal part of the uterus showed a unique change compared with the other estrous signs, and it became most obvious 6, 12 and 18 h before ovulation; this obviously relaxed period was consistent with the generally accepted theoretical optimal time for artificial insemination (AI), i.e., 6 to 24 h after initiation of estrus. These results suggest that observation of estrous signs by vaginoscopic examination gave useful information for detection of the optimal timing of AI in the periovulatory period in lactating dairy cows kept in a tie-stall barn.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships Between the Appearances and Changes of Estrous Signs and the Estradiol-17β Peak, Luteinizing Hormone Surge and Ovulation During the Periovulatory Period in Lactating Dairy Cows Kept in Tie-stalls

2014

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“…Oestrus behaviour and central mechanisms underlying female sexual behaviour Oestrus behaviour marks the time of ovulation when cows can be inseminated successfully and oestrus detection is a key factor in the management of fertility: the timing of insemination to the time of ovulation, which ideally is 7 to 18 h before ovulation (Hall et al, 1959), is critical for the tuning of sperm and oocyte ageing (Hunter and Greve, 1997). Roughly about 30 h prior to ovulation, cows start expressing oestrus behaviour (Roelofs et al, 2005).…”

Section: Genomic Regulation Of Oestrus (Behaviour) From the Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression profiles of genes regulating dairy cow fertility: recent findings, ongoing activities and future possibilities

Beerda

Wyszyńska-Koko

Pas

et al. 2008

Animal

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Subfertility has negative effects for dairy farm profitability, animal welfare and sustainability of animal production. Increasing herd sizes and economic pressures restrict the amount of time that farmers can spend on counteractive management. Genetic improvement will become increasingly important to restore reproductive performance. Complementary to traditional breeding value estimation procedures, genomic selection based on genome-wide information will become more widely applied. Functional genomics, including transcriptomics (gene expression profiling), produces the information to understand the consequences of selection as it helps to unravel physiological mechanisms underlying female fertility traits. Insight into the latter is needed to develop new effective management strategies to combat subfertility. Here, the importance of functional genomics for dairy cow reproduction so far and in the near future is evaluated. Recent gene profiling studies in the field of dairy cow fertility are reviewed and new data are presented on genes that are expressed in the brains of dairy cows and that are involved in dairy cow oestrus (behaviour). Fast-developing new research areas in the field of functional genomics, such as epigenetics, RNA interference, variable copy numbers and nutrigenomics, are discussed including their promising future value for dairy cow fertility.

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“…For the bitch it may be as long as 24-48 h [2]. Furthermore the age of the oocyte is inversely related to the estimated fertilization rate [25]. One could, however, argue that not all oocytes or eggs have the same viability, since a certain proportion will not be fertilized even when exposed to spermatozoa capable of fertilizing an oocyte or will undergo either embryonic or foetal death following fertilization.…”

Section: The Oocytementioning

confidence: 99%

Rendez-vous in the oviduct: implications for superovulation and embryo transfer

Greve

Callesen²

2001

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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-The meeting between the maternal and paternal gametes is dependant upon a number of complicated processes. On the maternal side it involves maturation of the oocytes under the influence on both peripheral and follicular endocrine factors. Deviations in the normal pattern of maturation will lead to ovulation of inferior oocytes. On the paternal side the transport of spermatozoa in the female genital tract following mating is an area of great importance. The establishment of the sperm reservoir in the isthmus is dependant upon a number of factors (intracellular calcium concentrations, oligo-saccharides, change in estradiol: progesterone ratio in the afferent blood supply). Alterations of the normal micro-environment may disturb both binding, release and transport as a whole. The process of fertilization occurs in the ampullar region of the oviduct and it involves several well tuned steps: binding to the zona pellucida where the acrosome reaction takes place, penetration, fusion between the oolemma and the sperm plasma membrane, activation with the release of the cortical granules, decondensation of the sperm chromatin, pronucleus formation and finally syngamy where the two pronuclei fuses. The egg will experience the first cleavage shortly thereafter. Superovulation may disturb a number of these processes including oocyte maturation (arrest at MI) and sperm and zygote transport in the oviduct caused by the deviant endocrine environment, thus leading to a higher incidence of lack of fertilization and poor embryos quality. oocyte maturation / capacitation / fertilization / superovulation Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 41 (2001) [451][452][453][454][455][456][457][458][459] 451

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Could Artificial Insemination of Cattle be More Fruitful? Penalties Associated with Ageing Eggs

Cited by 34 publications

References 30 publications

Relationships Between the Appearances and Changes of Estrous Signs and the Estradiol-17β Peak, Luteinizing Hormone Surge and Ovulation During the Periovulatory Period in Lactating Dairy Cows Kept in Tie-stalls

Relationships Between the Appearances and Changes of Estrous Signs and the Estradiol-17β Peak, Luteinizing Hormone Surge and Ovulation During the Periovulatory Period in Lactating Dairy Cows Kept in Tie-stalls

Expression profiles of genes regulating dairy cow fertility: recent findings, ongoing activities and future possibilities

Rendez-vous in the oviduct: implications for superovulation and embryo transfer

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