Could Naringenin Participate as a Regulator of Obesity and Satiety?

Abstract

Obesity is a serious health problem worldwide, since it is associated with multiple metabolic disorders and complications such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease and overall metabolic dysfunction. Dysregulation of the hunger–satiety pathway, which includes alterations of central and peripheral signaling, explains some forms of obesity by favoring hyperphagia and weight gain. The present work comprehensively summarizes the mechanisms by which naringenin (NAR), a predominant flavanone in citrus fruits, could modulate the main pathways associated with the development of obesity and some of its comorbidities, such as oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, insulin resistance (IR) and dyslipidemia, as well as the role of NAR in modulating the secretion of enterohormones of the satiety pathway and its possible antiobesogenic effect. The results of multiple in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that NAR has various potentially modulatory biological effects against obesity by countering IR, inflammation, OS, macrophage infiltration, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and adipose deposition. Likewise, NAR is capable of modulating peptides or peripheral hormones directly associated with the hunger–satiety pathway, such as ghrelin, cholecystokinin, insulin, adiponectin and leptin. The evidence supports the use of NAR as a promising alternative to prevent overweight and obesity.

Lemon Flavonoid Extract Eriomin Improves Pro/Antioxidant Status and Interferes with Cholesterol Metabolism without Affecting Serum Cholesterol Levels in Aged Rats

“…LE had no effect on food intake, weight gain, or liver weight in our study. Naringin and naringenin have been shown to promote weight loss in obesity-induced animal models [23,24]. On the other hand, the potential effects of eriocitrin on weight loss and food intake are not well documented in the literature.…”

A narrative review on therapeutic potential of naringenin in colorectal cancer: Focusing on molecular and biochemical processes

“…49 NAR's molecular structure is C15H12O5, featuring four hydroxyl (-OH) groups at the 5, 7, 4′, and 3′ positions on its B-ring. 50,51 This flavanone is found in various citrus fruits, such as oranges, grapefruits, and tomatoes. 52,53 It appears as a yellow crystalline solid with a melting point of around 250-252°C.…”

“…NAR, a trihydroxyflavanone (refer to Figure 1), scientifically termed 5,7‐Dihydroxy‐2‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl) chroman‐4‐one, is classified among phytochemicals known for their strong antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory attributes 49 . NAR's molecular structure is C15H12O5, featuring four hydroxyl (–OH) groups at the 5, 7, 4′, and 3′ positions on its B‐ring 50,51 . This flavanone is found in various citrus fruits, such as oranges, grapefruits, and tomatoes 52,53 .…”

A Narrative Review on Therapeutic Potential of Naringenin in Colorectal Cancer: Focusing on molecular and biochemical processes

“…Molecular composition of Naringenin Naringenin (NAR), a trihydroxyflavanone (refer to Figure 1), scientifically termed 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4hydroxyphenyl) chroman-4-one, is classified among phytochemicals known for their strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory attributes (51). NAR's molecular structure is C15H12O5, featuring four hydroxyl (-OH) groups at the 5, 7, 4', and 3' positions on its B-ring (52,53). This flavanone is found in various citrus fruits like oranges, grapefruits, and tomatoes (54,55), and appears as a yellow crystalline solid with a melting point around 250-252degC (56).…”