Could the severity of symptoms of schizophrenia affect ability of self-appraisal of cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia? Lack of insight as a mediator between the two domains

Santarelli, Valeria; Marucci, Carmela; Collazzoni, Alberto; Rossetti, Maria Cristina; Pizziconi, Giulia; Pacitti, Francesca; Stratta, Paolo; Rossi, Alessandro; Rossi, Rodolfo

doi:10.1007/s00406-019-01082-1

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The absence of a strong correlation across the psychosis spectrum is in keeping with findings that individuals at high risk of psychosis report a greater severity of subjective impairment than people with schizophrenia, despite having a lesser degree of impairment on objective testing [ 63 , 69 ]. A lack of insight and higher levels of disorganised symptoms appear to be key factors that contribute to a poor ability to self-assess cognitive abilities [ 70 , 71 ], and individuals with high scores on self-certainty measures (e.g., endorsing statements such as ‘my interpretations of my experiences are definitely right’) tend to be those with greater cognitive problems [ 72 ]. This has relevance for the delivery of treatments for cognition, as individuals with subjective impairments appear to be more willing to engage in therapy, whereas those with more severe objective impairments may not see the need [ 73 ].…”

Section: The Nature Of Cognitive Impairments In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: aetiology, pathophysiology, and treatment

2023

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Cognitive deficits are a core feature of schizophrenia, account for much of the impaired functioning associated with the disorder and are not responsive to existing treatments. In this review, we first describe the clinical presentation and natural history of these deficits. We then consider aetiological factors, highlighting how a range of similar genetic and environmental factors are associated with both cognitive function and schizophrenia. We then review the pathophysiological mechanisms thought to underlie cognitive symptoms, including the role of dopamine, cholinergic signalling and the balance between GABAergic interneurons and glutamatergic pyramidal cells. Finally, we review the clinical management of cognitive impairments and candidate novel treatments.

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Section: The Nature Of Cognitive Impairments In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: aetiology, pathophysiology, and treatment

2023

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“…Positive and negative symptoms are the main features that cause various functional impairments ( 2 ). Poor/absent insight is another major problem among patients with schizophrenia which enhances symptom severity ( 3 , 4 ) and reduces patients’ motivation and help-seeking attitude toward treatment ( 5 ). Delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech are the usually considered more severe symptoms which usually create complicated condition ( 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitude towards mental help-seeking, motivation, and economic resources in connection with positive, negative, and general psychopathological symptoms of schizophrenia: a pilot study of a psychoeducation program

Abbas,

Baig,

Sadiq

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionSchizophrenia is typically treated with medication as the first approach, but additional strategies are necessary to enhance the effectiveness of this treatment for better outcomes. However, it is crucial to explore methods, alongside medication, that promote a positive attitude towards seeking mental health support and alleviate symptom severity among non-institutionalized individuals of different age groups in Pakistan. Thus, this pilot study aimed to utilize a psychoeducation program to enhance patients’ motivation and attitudes toward seeking treatment, decrease symptom severity, and investigate the role of financial factors in their illness journey.MethodsIn this preliminary investigation, our focus was on individuals who had been diagnosed with schizophrenia and were receiving treatment from various hospitals and primary care clinics. Following a thorough screening process, 255 participants met the eligibility criteria, and 220 completed the psychoeducation program. The study included both male and female participants, with 143 (56.08%) being men and 112 (43.82%) being women. Regarding marital status, 123 (48.24%) were single, 98 (38.43%) were married, and 34 (13.33%) were divorced widowers or widows. The age range of the respondents varied from 18 to 52 years, with a mean age of 35.45 and a standard deviation of 10.27.ResultsThe results indicated a decrease in symptom severity following a 16-week psychoeducation program. The psychoeducation program significantly reduced the positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and general psychopathological symptoms among patients. Similarly, significant improvement was observed in patients’ motivation toward treatment and they actively participated in treatment after getting psychoeducation about the treatment. Similarly, after the psychoeducation program significant improvement was seen in patients’ attitudes towards help-seeking and perceived mental health functioning.ConclusionIn summary, the findings suggest that our psychoeducation program has the potential to positively impact the motivation and help-seeking attitudes of schizophrenia patients towards treatment. Moreover, there is a need for further exploration of psychoeducation programs for schizophrenia, particularly in countries facing economic challenges. This study paves the way for the development of an indigenous psychoeducation program tailored to Pakistani schizophrenia patients, with potential applicability for Urdu-speaking individuals.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20210208003, identifier TCTR20210208003.

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“…As a result, self-appraisal protects a person from mental health issues, depending on how a person appraises or gives meaning to aversive events. It is still vague whether mental health issues cause negative self-appraisal or a person develops mental health challenges (Santarelli et al, 2020). On another side of the mirror, people with neurotic traits negatively appraise themselves or God due to aversive life events.…”

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confidence: 99%

Neuroticism and Psychosocial Stressors of Trauma in University Students: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem and Self-Appraisal of Trauma

Rani¹,

Saleem²,

Zahra³

2022

PJPR

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The current study aimed to find out the mediating role of anxious self-esteem and self-appraisal of trauma in the relationship of neuroticism and psycho-social stressors of trauma in a sample of 213 (men =31%, women = 68%) between the ages of 18 to 26 (M = 20.78, SD = 2.46). Participants were selected by using a purposive sampling strategy studying in private and government universities of Lahore, Pakistan. Neuroticism vs. Emotional Stability Scale (John et al., 1991), Anxious/ Withdrawn Self-esteem Scale for University Population (Zafar et al., 2012), Psychosocial Stressors of Trauma scale (PSST) (Rani et al., 2021), and Self-Appraisal Scale (Rani et al., 2021) were used to assess the neuroticism vs. emotional stability, anxious self-esteem, self-appraisal of trauma and psycho-social stressors of trauma in university students. Findings of correlation analysis depicted the interrelatedness of neuroticism, anxious self-esteem, self-appraisal of trauma, and psycho-social stressors. Mediation analysis suggested the serial mediating role of anxious self-esteem and self-appraisal of trauma in the association of neuroticism vs. emotional stability and PSST in university students. These findings might be used to overcome the adverse outcomes of trauma in University students.

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Could the severity of symptoms of schizophrenia affect ability of self-appraisal of cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia? Lack of insight as a mediator between the two domains

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: aetiology, pathophysiology, and treatment

Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: aetiology, pathophysiology, and treatment

Attitude towards mental help-seeking, motivation, and economic resources in connection with positive, negative, and general psychopathological symptoms of schizophrenia: a pilot study of a psychoeducation program

Neuroticism and Psychosocial Stressors of Trauma in University Students: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem and Self-Appraisal of Trauma

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