Coulomb barrier creation by means of electronic field emission in nanolayer capacitors

Ilin, Eduard; Burkova, Irina; Draher, Timothy; Colla, Eugene V.; Hübler, Alfred; Bezryadin, Alexey

doi:10.1039/d0nr04660d

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…18,19 Nanogap electrodes are the fundamental units for fabricating nanometersized devices such as semiconductor, nanoscale vacuum channel transistors, 20 and the metal−insulator−metal capacitors with nanometer-scale dielectric films. 21 Additionally, nanogap electrodes are important tools to probe molecularlevel material characteristics. 22 Challenges remain such as how to manufacture the nanogap electrodes, and how to control the cathode−anode separations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In existing practical applications, supercapacitors are assembled with large separations of the cathode and the anode, each of which is made of porous materials. − However, supercapacitors with nanoscale separation of the cathode and the anode have received recent interest because of their potential application in nanoscale devices. , Nanogap electrodes are the fundamental units for fabricating nanometer-sized devices such as semiconductor, nanoscale vacuum channel transistors, and the metal–insulator–metal capacitors with nanometer-scale dielectric films . Additionally, nanogap electrodes are important tools to probe molecular-level material characteristics .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Charge Density in Electrical Double Layer Capacitors with Nanoscale Cathode–Anode Separation

2021

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Using a dynamic density functional theory, we study the charging dynamics, the final equilibrium structure, and the energy storage in an electrical double layer capacitor with nanoscale cathode–anode separation in a slit geometry. We derive a simple expression for the surface charge density that naturally separates the effects of the charge polarization due to the ions from those due to the polarization of the dielectric medium and allows a more intuitive understanding of how the ion distribution within the cell affects the surface charge density. We find that charge neutrality in the half-cell does not hold during the dynamic charging process for any cathode–anode separation, and also does not hold at the final equilibrium state for small separations. Therefore, the charge accumulation in the half-cell in general does not equal the surface charge density. The relationships between the surface charge density and the charge accumulation within the half-cell are systematically investigated by tuning the electrolyte concentration, cathode–anode separation, and applied voltage. For high electrolyte concentrations, we observe charge inversion at which the charge accumulation exceeds the surface charge at special values of the separation. In addition, we find that the energy density has a maximum at intermediate electrolyte concentrations for a high applied voltage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Charge Density in Electrical Double Layer Capacitors with Nanoscale Cathode–Anode Separation

2021

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“…The charging curve exhibits a =tale?, which indicates that the current flowing into the capacitor is larger than the one expected for an ideal capacitor. We explain this current by the charge penetration in the dielectric, which is also known as soakage as well as dielectric absorption [17,22,23].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The observed current produced upon the heating of the capacitor is entirely due to release of the charge previously accumulated in the dielectric layer [22,23,29]. Furthermore, the direction of this additional current demonstrates that it cannot be attributed to dielectric polarization from hindered movement of dipoles, which constitutes one of the two main mechanisms of dielectric response [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant energy storage effect in nanolayer capacitors charged by the field emission tunneling

Ilin¹,

Burkova²,

Colla³

et al. 2021

Nanotechnology

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We fabricate nanolayer alumina capacitor and apply high electric fields, close to 1 GV m−1, to inject charges in the dielectric. Asymmetric charge distributions have been achieved due to the selectivity of the quantum tunneling process. Namely, the electrons near the Fermi level cannot tunnel intoregions near the cathode, where the total energy would be less than the potential energy. This mechanism exhibits a strong tendency to populate charge traps located near the anode, i.e. the regions where their potential energy is the lowest. Such spatially selective charging of the dielectric allows a permanent bulk charge storage in the dielectric layer, even if the capacitor plates are short-circuited, provided that the temperature is sufficiently low so that the conductivity of the dielectric is negligible. The stored charge can be recovered if the temperature is increased above ~250 K for the dielectric tested, i.e. Al2O3. In our experiments, the total charge stored in the dielectric was up to seven and a half times higher than the charge stored on the capacitor plates. Also, measurements of the breakdown voltage show that the breakdown electric field, i.e. the dielectric strength, is independent of the thickness of the dielectric.

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A study of field emission current in MEMS capacitors with bottom electrode covered by dielectric film

Theocharis,

Birmpiliotis,

Gardelis

et al. 2023

Microelectronics Reliability

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Coulomb barrier creation by means of electronic field emission in nanolayer capacitors

Abstract: The main mechanism of energy loss in capacitors with nanoscale dielectric films is leakage currents. Using the example of Al-Al2O3-Al, we show that there are two main contributions, namely the...

Cited by 3 publications

References 37 publications

Surface Charge Density in Electrical Double Layer Capacitors with Nanoscale Cathode–Anode Separation

Surface Charge Density in Electrical Double Layer Capacitors with Nanoscale Cathode–Anode Separation

Giant energy storage effect in nanolayer capacitors charged by the field emission tunneling

A study of field emission current in MEMS capacitors with bottom electrode covered by dielectric film

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