2015
DOI: 10.1080/08351813.2015.1058605
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Counseling Online and Over the Phone: When Preclosing Questions Fail as a Closing Device

Abstract: In this article, we present an analysis of closings in two counseling media: online, text-based exchanges (usually referred to as "chat" sessions) and telephone calls. Previous research has found that the participant who initiated a conversation preferably also initiates its termination with a possible preclosing. Advice acknowledgments, lying in the epistemic domain of the client, are devices that may work as preclosings. However, in text-based chat clients regularly refrain from advice acknowledgment. While … Show more

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Cited by 43 publications
(42 citation statements)
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References 27 publications
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“…Sometimes helpers were observed to introduce the ending of the chat conversation in the last 10 minutes of the hour, when at that point in time the visitor was about to open up on suicidality. Starting, structuring, and ending conversations with those seeking help in a productive manner are more complicated in chat than in telephone or face‐to‐face interventions (Stommel, ; Stommel & te Molder, ) and require special attention in volunteer training and supervision. As Drexler (, p. 97) pointed out, it is key to be transparent about the focus and the purpose of the chat at the beginning and throughout the chat.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Sometimes helpers were observed to introduce the ending of the chat conversation in the last 10 minutes of the hour, when at that point in time the visitor was about to open up on suicidality. Starting, structuring, and ending conversations with those seeking help in a productive manner are more complicated in chat than in telephone or face‐to‐face interventions (Stommel, ; Stommel & te Molder, ) and require special attention in volunteer training and supervision. As Drexler (, p. 97) pointed out, it is key to be transparent about the focus and the purpose of the chat at the beginning and throughout the chat.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With respect to independent variables, it is to be determined what helpers' behaviors, styles, and attitudes are; what specific content areas they concern; and what typical communication patterns are commonly encountered in chat, and how they relate to outcomes. Here, the emerging field of conversation analysis may help identify typical online interaction patterns associated with better outcomes that are different from patterns known to be effective in telephone counseling (Stommel & te Molder, ). Outcome variables should be rooted in a theoretical understanding of the development and prevention of suicidal behavior and be operationalized in a way that allows for the observation of change based on written text only.…”
Section: Future Directionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In so doing, we show that "just"formulated advisings are among the repertoire of resources employed by interlocutors to manage advice-resistance (e.g. Waring, 2007;Emmison, et al, 2011;Hepburn and Potter, 2011;Heritage and Lindström, 2012;Stommel and te Molder, 2015). Whereas prior research has observed how such resources can effectuate acceptance and/or closure from previously misaligned advice-recipients in institutional interactions, we demonstrate how "just"formulations engender further advice-resistance.…”
Section: Advice-givingmentioning
confidence: 61%
“…This reduction practice is described by Clayman (1989, p. 685) as "sequential deletion of practice at junctures where, in ordinary conversation, they would be relevant and expectable". Preclosings as 'hinges' between topic talk and closing component do not allow reinvocations of new topics (Hartford & Bardovi-Harlig, 1992, p. 97; "preclosing questions fail as a closing device" at Stommel & te Molder, 2015) what is different to Schegloff and Sacks show it for everyday talk. This process supports the insight, that therapists should "help patients raise new problems early" (White, Rosson, Christensen, Hart, & Levinson, 1997, p. 165 Lakoff (1980, p. 11) puts it, "the one who appears to hold the power does not hold it": the therapist has deontic authority only and his action is subject to approval.…”
Section: Figurementioning
confidence: 99%