“…Extant studies into perceived self-efficacy in the entrepreneurship domain have largely focussed on either or both of two areas: first, factors that influence self-efficacy, such as counterfactual thinking (Arora, Haynie and Laurence, 2013), elements of strategic decision making processes (Forbes, 2005), business planning activities (McCann and Vroom, 2015), entrepreneurship education (Sánchez, 2013;Zhao, Seibert and Hills, 2005), pull entrepreneurship (Dalborg and Wincent, 2015), gender (Wilson, Kickul and Marlino, 2007), and national culture (Shneor, Camgöz and Karapinar, 2013). The second area focuses upon effects of selfefficacy; for example: the influence self-efficacy may have upon an individual's intention to become an entrepreneur (Bacq, Ofstein, Kickul and Gundry, 2016;Lanero, Vázquez and Aza, 2015), entrepreneurial orientation (Poon, Ainuddin and Haji Junit, 2006), and entrepreneurial passion (Dalborg and Wincent, 2015).…”