Counting on Visitors: A Review of Methods and Applications for the National Park Service’s Visitor Use Statistics Program

Ziesler, Pamela S.; Pettebone, David

doi:10.18666/jpra-2018-v36-i1-8104

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…The reality of compliance to this recommendation remains unknown. Despite the availability of relatively low-cost sensors and calls to increase monitoring to augment field observations ( English and Bowker, 2018 ; Jones et al, 2018 ; Snider et al, 2018 ; Ziesler and Pettebone, 2018 ), automated facility monitoring is not standard practice. Further, most existing monitoring devices do not measure distances between users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated approach to monitoring and estimating COVID-19 risk exposure among leisure-time physical activity participants

Schneider

Lindsey

Petesch

et al. 2021

Journal of Transport & Health

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Background Leisure time physical activity (LTPA) provides both health benefits and risks, particularly during a pandemic. During the COVID-19 pandemic, significant increases in close-to-home LTPA raised concerns for public health and land managers alike. This project illustrates a novel, integrated monitoring approach to estimating COVID-19 risk exposure during trail-related LTPA, with implications for other public spaces. Methods COVID-19 risk exposure was conservatively calculated from the integration of in-person observations of LTPA trail groups and automated monitoring of trail traffic volumes in spring 2020. Trained observers tracked 1,477 groups. Traffic volume estimates and observed distance data were integrated, considering occlusion and total trail traffic volume. Results 70% of groups had one or more encounters. Among individual users, 38.5% were 100% compliant across all events observed but 32.7% were not compliant. Considering trail traffic volumes and annual daily traffic volume, exposure to risk of COVID-19 was conservatively estimated at 61.5% among individual trail users. Conclusions Monitoring opportunities and challenges of health risk exposure exist. Adjusted exposure measures based on volume counts can approximate numbers of unique individuals exposed, inform management actions, efficacy and policy decisions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated approach to monitoring and estimating COVID-19 risk exposure among leisure-time physical activity participants

Schneider

Lindsey

Petesch

et al. 2021

Journal of Transport & Health

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“…A variety of newer technologies have emerged to address these limitations, including video (Balouin et al, 2014;Smallwood et al, 2011), mobile device data (D'Antonio et al, 2010;Monz et al, 2019), and simulation models supported by remote sensing imagery (Huamantinco et al, 2016). These approaches can improve the collection of use level data in many environments, but a continuing problem exists in areas such as beaches that possess porous boundaries or unspecified access points (Ziesler & Pettebone, 2018). UAV technology can potentially overcome this issue because it is now affordable, easy to operate, and can obtain imagery within a short period of time (Ancin-Murguzur et al, 2019;Provost et al, 2019).…”

Section: Use Levels Encounters and Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

From a drone’s eye view: indicators of overtourism in a sea, sun, and sand destination

Szuster

Needham

Lesar

et al. 2021

Journal of Sustainable Tourism

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“…If an area has specific access points or methods, direct counts of individual visits, hours, and overnight stays may be possible using the quantity of visitors via those specific access points or methods [14]. For example, a recreational area may only allow access through ticket sales at particular gates or may only be accessible via a guided tour, which would allow counting based upon ticket or tour sales.…”

Section: Direct Countingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agencies such as the National Park Service and U.S. Forest Service commonly employ a variety of detection technologies and estimation methods using proxy counts, statistical relationships, or constants to estimate visitor use and provide continuous counts throughout the year. For example, rather than attempting to count each individual visit, parks may employ standard traffic monitoring technology to count and then convert vehicle counts into recreation or non-recreation visits using persons-per-vehicle multipliers [14]. The same procedure can be employed for visitors arriving by bus, boat, aircraft, canoe/kayak, motorcycle, or other modes of transportation.…”

Section: Proxy Counts and Multipliersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue Water Visitor Monitoring Potential: A Literature Review and Alternative Proposal

Andrew

Burns

Schwarzmann

et al. 2021

Water

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This review presents a summary of existing visitor monitoring methods and relevant studies in land and marine-based areas, with a focus on the application to unique aquatic settings. Various opportunities and challenges exist with respect to the use of each method in different marine settings. These methods differ in terms of the complexity, costs, level of accuracy, and detailed information they provide. Furthermore, the feasibility of applying these methods also depends on the site attributes of a marine area. Since each marine area varies in geographical scale and environmental and social conditions, some methods will be more appropriate or perform more successfully than others in a particular location. Therefore, the consideration of these methods should be part of a proposed alternative process, focused on adaptive monitoring that scales to address visitor ebbs and flows in these aquatic areas. The proposed alternative seeks to develop consensus around quantitative goals for visitor monitoring and estimating techniques in marine settings, using a customizable mix of methods and techniques. This alternative effort progresses to subsequent tasks and discussions, and recommendations are made considering the feasibility and confidence of using these methods in particular marine settings and future pilot sites.

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Counting on Visitors: A Review of Methods and Applications for the National Park Service’s Visitor Use Statistics Program

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

An integrated approach to monitoring and estimating COVID-19 risk exposure among leisure-time physical activity participants

An integrated approach to monitoring and estimating COVID-19 risk exposure among leisure-time physical activity participants

From a drone’s eye view: indicators of overtourism in a sea, sun, and sand destination

Blue Water Visitor Monitoring Potential: A Literature Review and Alternative Proposal

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