Coupled Fire/Evacuation Analysis of the Station Nightclub Fire

Galea, Edwin R.; Wang, Zhaozhi; Veeraswamy, Anand; Jia, Fuchen; Lawrence, Peter J.; Ewer, J.

doi:10.3801/iafss.fss.9-465

Cited by 43 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The signage control system is controlled by a Decision Engine (DE) which utilises the results from faster than real time evacuation simulations produced by a parallel implementation of the buildingEXODUS evacuation simulation software [8][9][10]. This enables the optimal evacuation route for the population and incident to be identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Survey Studies on the Effectiveness of Dynamic Signage Systems

Galea¹,

Xie²,

Lawrence³

2014

Fire Saf. Sci.

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Signage systems are widely used in the built environment to aid occupant wayfinding during both circulation and evacuation. Recent research conducted by the authors shows that only 38% of people 'see' conventional static emergency signage in presumed emergency situations in an unfamiliar built environment, even if the sign is located directly in front of them and their vision is unobstructed. However, most people who see the sign follow the sign. These results suggest that current emergency guidance signs are less effective as an aid to wayfinding than they potentially can be and that signs are likely to become more effective if their detectability can be improved while upholding the comprehensibility of the guidance information they provide. A novel dynamic signage design is proposed to address this issue. The effectiveness of the new sign is tested under almost identical experimental settings and conditions as in the previous experiments examining conventional, static signs. The results show that 77% of people 'see' the dynamic sign and 100% of them go on to follow the sign. In addition, a dynamic method to identify that an exit route is no longer viable is tested using an international survey to gauge understanding of the new signage concept. Survey results suggest that the purpose of the new sign can be clearly understood by over 90% of the sample.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Survey Studies on the Effectiveness of Dynamic Signage Systems

Galea¹,

Xie²,

Lawrence³

2014

Fire Saf. Sci.

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“…Algumas destas ferramentas computacionais podem ser bem sofisticadas, permitindo, por exemplo, o estudo da movimentação humana durante o abandono de um ambiente em uma situação de emergência provocada por um incêndio e seu relacionamento com a alteração das condições ambientais (temperatura, fumaça) da edificação (RODRIGUES;BONITESE, 2008;GALEA et al, 2008). Entretanto a utilização correta destes recursos computacionais pode também exigir grande conhecimento e experiência por parte do responsável pelo uso desta ferramenta.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Mapas de distâncias para a segurança contra incêndio em edifícios de interesse social

Moita

Almeida

2017

PARC Pesq. em Arquit. e Constr.

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ResumoAlgumas Habitações de Interesse Social (HIS), pela sua natureza, podem ter seu Processo de Segurança e Combate a Incêndio e Pânico o mais simplificado possível de forma a contribuir na redução, ao máximo, do custo da edificação. Devido a estas simplificações, a realização de estudos adicionais da segurança, inclusive de desempenho, torna-se especialmente relevante. O mapa de distâncias é um instrumento tecnológico que pode contribuir com o conhecimento da segurança da edificação, trazendo informações tais como a distância máxima a ser percorrida até a saída mais próxima, a distância pontual em qualquer posição do ambiente até a saída e as melhores rotas de movimentação. Também permite se estimar os tempos gastos na movimentação. Neste trabalho são definidos o que são mapas de distância e como podem ser gerados. São apresentadas duas variações dos mesmos com o estabelecimento do mais vantajoso a ser usado. Verificou-se que o mapa de distância gerado pelo algoritmo de busca pela vizinhança de Moore (VM) e seleção aleatória como gerador de rotas mais realistas que as obtidas pela busca pela vizinhança de Von Neumann (VVN) e outros critérios de seleção. Uma HIS de cinco pavimentos é então detalhadamente descrita, e um mapa de distâncias é gerado para a mesma. A partir deste mapa de distâncias, são avaliados diversos dados da edificação como a distância máxima a ser percorrida, a rota de fuga e o tempo estimado para o escape em caso de emergência. Diversas discussões sobre a segurança contra incêndio da edificação são apresentadas. Palavras

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“…On the day of the tragedy its fire license was expired but undergoing renovation [9,29]. Rio Grande do Sul adopts, in many cities, a computerized system called SIGPI -"Sistema Integrado da Gestão da Prevenção de Incêndio" 6 , which in addition to the administrative concern of the fire prevention and protection plan also deals with the technical aspects.…”

Section: Boate Kiss Tragedymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other nightclub tragedies (The Station nightclub -Rhode Island -USA, in 2003 [5,6], or República Cromañon -Buenos Aires -Argentina, in 2004) presented several similarities with what happened in Boate Kiss [7]. Unfortunately, the knowledge acquired in these earlier tragedies has been neglected by many, including the authorities [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Boate Kiss Fire and the Brazilian Safety Legislation - What we can learn

Moita

2017

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Brazil was recently the scenario of a great tragedy in the fire at Kiss nightclub, where 242 people were killed. The starting point of the fire was the use of a pyrotechnic device over an acoustic coating made of polyurethane foam. The causalities were caused mainly by asphyxia and inhalation of toxic gases in a very fast smoke expansion. However, several additional causes contributed to the amount of damage and human losses. The accident investigations emphasized the necessity to discuss details in the applicable Brazilian legislation. In this work, the tragedy of Kiss nightclub is presented and the some of their main aspects discussed. The Brazilian standard (ABNT NBR 9077) to determine the dimension of the emergency exits is also presented. It was found that, in spite of the configurations of Kiss nightclub have had a fundamental role in tragedy, the current Brazilian standard was not appropriate for the design of such an environment and should not have been used. Moreover, clear and more rigorous standards also need to be further discussed, particularly for non-adaptive situations. At the end, some considerations are made in order to improve the general fire prevention standards about dimensioning of emergency exits.

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Coupled Fire/Evacuation Analysis of the Station Nightclub Fire

Cited by 43 publications

References 12 publications

Experimental and Survey Studies on the Effectiveness of Dynamic Signage Systems

Experimental and Survey Studies on the Effectiveness of Dynamic Signage Systems

Mapas de distâncias para a segurança contra incêndio em edifícios de interesse social

On the Boate Kiss Fire and the Brazilian Safety Legislation - What we can learn

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