“…The RTE is a high-dimensional integro-differential kinetic equation, so how to develop effective numerical methods for RTE is an important issue. The common numerical methods can be classified into two categories: the probabilistic methods like the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) methods [2,27,16], and the deterministic schemes [3,34,46,29,15,18,42,1,20,22], such as the discrete ordinates method (S N ) [3,34,46], the moment methods [29,15,18,1,22] and etc.…”